【2017年整理】1zhou毕业.docVIP

摘要 开关稳压电源（以下简称开关电源）取代晶体管线性稳压电源（以下简称线性电源）已有30 多年历史。最初的开关电源一问世其电能转换效率就已经达到了60%-70%，而线性电源的转换效率一般只有30%-40%。由此开关电源引起了人们的广泛关注。随着芯片尺寸不断减小，电源的尺寸与微处理器相比要大得多；航天，潜艇，军用开关电源以及用电池的便携式电子设备（如手提计算机，移动电话等）更需要小型化，轻量化的电源。因此对开关电源提出了小型轻量要求，包括磁性元件和电容的体积重量要小。此外要求开关电源效率要更高，性能更好，可靠性更高等。许多新的技术被不断应用到开关电源中使其转换效率，密度，以及功率因数等都有较大的性能方面的提升。DC-DC 变换器是开关电源的主要组成部分，它是电能转换的核心，涉及到体积，转换效率等各方面的要求。 本文中分析了正激有源钳位DC-DC 变换器的工作原理，给出其稳态运行时的详细分析，并对其进行了计算机仿真。设计了主电路各个元件的参数，并分析了其损耗。选定了控制策略，并且用专用的PWM控制器 在该变换器的设计中采用同步整流，平面变压器，软开关等实用的新技术，并对 这些技术的改进方法进行了一定的探索。旨在保证变换器转换效率的同时可以提高其 功率密度，从而减小变换器的体积。 关键词：开关电源，功率密度，有源钳位，正激变换器 Abstract Switching Mode Power Supply (SMPS) has been introduced for more than 30 years. It has substituted Linear Mode Power Supply (LMPS) in most occasions. The converting efficiency had reached 70% when the first SMPS was invented, which has the dominant superiority more than the efficiency of LMPS which can only reach 40%, the frequency of SMPS had reached 20kHz which can economize power either. In nowadays, the dimension of power supply has excess the CPU, and in many equipment such as mobile phone, notebook PC which has made more requests for the dimension of power supply, and besidesthat, the high efficiency and performance are also required. For the reasons mentioned in the last section, more and more new technologies have been carried out which can give the power supply a better performance. DC-DC converter is one of the most important portions in SMPS, which concerns many factors of the performance of SMPS such as frequency, efficiency, and dimension. This paper introduces the principle of one kind of active-clamp forward DC-DC converter, gives the particular analysis when it works in the stabilization, and simulate itin the computer by EDA software. Analyze every element in the power stage circuit which either including the wastage. Design the controller and realize it by using a PWM management IC and made a sample mechanism. Many new technologies such as synchronous rectifie