抚州市“5.30”短时暴雨中尺度分析.docVIP

抚州市“5.30”短时暴雨中尺度分析 　　摘 要：该文利用常规气象和地面自动站观测资料、卫星云图以及多普勒天气雷达资料对2015年5月30日发生抚州市一次短时暴雨过程的中尺度特征进行分析，结果表明：此次暴雨是在中高纬“两槽一脊”环流背景下产生，而低空急流为暴雨区输送充足的水汽和不稳定能量起了主导作用。前倾槽结构和低层高温高湿使得大气处于强烈的对流不稳定，为暴雨和强对流天气提供了有利条件。地面中尺度辐合线是触发此次强降水的重要中尺度系统，辐合线附近易触发对流，且强降水沿着辐合线方向移动。对流云团合并后迅速发展，其中尺度云团的TBB负值中心与强降水落区有很好对应关系，-72 ℃的云顶亮温是较强降水的指示性温度。强降水雷达回波的列车效应特征对短时暴雨预报具有指示意义。 　　关键词：暴雨 低空急流 地面辐合线 对流云团 　　中图分类号：P458 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1674-098X（2016）02（a）-0071-03 　　Abstract：By useing the conventional and ground observation data， satellite cloud pictures and Doppler weather radar data， the paper analysis of the mesoscale features of a short time rainstorm process in Fuzhou city in May 30， 2015.The results showed that the rainstorm is in middle-high latitude and two troughs and one ridge circumfluence backgroundover produced，and low-level jet for the rainstorm conveying sufficient moisture and unstable energy plays a leading role.The structure of the forward trough and low layer of high temperature and high humidity makes the atmosphere in strong convective instability and provide favorable conditions for rainstorm and severe convective weather.The surface mesoscale convergence line is an important mesoscale system of the heavy rainfall triggered， and it to drop itation area has certain instruction function， near the convergence line is easy to trigger convection and precipitation along convergence line direction. After the merger of convective clouds， strong convection and the rapid development， which mesoscale cloud of the negative center of TBB and strong precip itation area have a good corresponding relationship，TBB=-72 ℃ is indicative of the temperature of the strong precipitation.The ‘train effect’ characteristics of the radar echo of severe rrecipitation have indicative significance to the short time rainstorm forecast. 　　Key Words：Rainstorm；Low-level jet；Surface Mesoscale Convergence Line；Convective Cloud 　　突发性暴雨大多与中尺度系统有着直接的关系，且较多出现在晚上和凌晨。由于这种强降水具有突发性强、尺度小等特点，故它所造成的灾害是严重，因此，一直是气象工作者们研究的重点[1-5]。该文利用常规