定语从句考频考点讲解课件.ppt

九年级语法知识 　定语从句 中考对定语从句的考查是重要考点。在单项选择题型中主要考查定语从句引导词的辨析，最常考的为that，which，who引导的限定性定语从句，重点在于区别先行词。偶尔在完形填空中考查定语从句引导词的辨析。所以，掌握定语从句的引导词是关键。 高频考向一　定语从句的关系词 定语从句在句中作定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系代词who，whom，that，which，whose或关系副词when，where，why等引出。 ①who，whom，that代替的先行词是指人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you？他是想见你的那个人吗？ He is the man(who/whom/that)I saw yesterday.他是昨天我看到的那个人。 ②which，that代替的先行词是指代事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如： Mary likes music that/which is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。 The coat(that/which)I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的外套是蓝色的。 ③whose用来指人或物，在句中只用作定语，如： Please pass me the book whose cover is green.请把封面是绿色的那本书递给我。 ④关系副词有when，where，why，它们在句中作状语。如： Ill never forget the days when we studied together.我永远忘不了我们一起学习的那些日子。 This is the city where my father worked ten years ago.这是我爸十年前工作的城市。 Do you know the reason why he was late for school? 你知道他上学迟到的原因吗？ 【例1】 —Do you know the kid ________ is talking with Bob over there? —Yes，its my cousin.(2015，朝阳) A．whom　　 B．who　　 　C．which　 　D．what 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。先行词是kid，指人，且在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词who。 答案：____ 【例2】 Please pass me the cartoon book ________ has a Mickey Mouse on the cover.(2015，朝阳预测) A．whom B．whose C．who D．which 【解析】先行词是book，指物，因此关系词用which/that。 答案：____ B D 【例3】 This is the primary school ________ I studied three years ago.(2015，鞍山预测) A．where B．when C．that D．which 【解析】先行词school在定语从句中作studied的地点状语。 答案：____ A 高频考向二　关系词只能用that而不用which的情况 ①当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如： This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen.这是我所看过的最激烈的一场足球赛。 ②当先行词被序数词修饰时。如： The first thing that you could do was to turn off the light.你首先要做的就是关灯。 ③当先行词为all，everything，nothing，something，anything，little，much，none等不定代词时(something后也可用which)。如： All that we have to do for our students is to tell them how to speak English in class.我们要为学生做的所有的事情就是告诉他们如何在课上说英语。 Im going to buy everything that I need.我要去买我所需要的一切东西。 ④当先行词前面有only，just，any，no等词修饰时。如： Thats the only thing that we can do now.那是我们现在唯一能做的事情。 ⑤当先行词既指人又指物时。如： They