目的论简介课题.ppt

An introduction to the Skopos Theory Major source: Christiane Nord, Translating as a Purposeful Activity, Functionalist approaches explained, Jerome Publishing, 1997. Are they translators? 林纾 严复 傅东华 孙致礼 杨宪益、戴乃迭 Fu Donghua deleted a large number of paragraphs of the ST when translating Gone with the Wind《飘》. Sun Zhili deleted the descriptions of sex when translating Widow《寡妇》. Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang translated Butterfly (50,000 words) into 《蝴蝶》 with only about 20,000 words. Does it mean that famous translators can delete at will? Are these translations? Lin Shu as an example Yan Fu as an example Example: Lin Shu Something within the silent black man answered No! and, as it repeated by an invisible voice came the words of an old prophetic scroll, as Eva had often read them to him,--“Fear not! For I have redeemed thee. I have called thee by my name. Thou art Mine!” (p377) 汤姆素崇基督之教，闻言极不谓然，特不敢出口 (p162) Legree claims violently that he is God, which insults Tom’s religious belief greatly. The ST describes Tom’s feeling then in detail In his translations, he often deleted some of the ST or made other changes. For example, when translating Uncle Tom’s Cabin, he deleted most of such pages as 29(13, TT), 289(141, TT), 359(173, TT), 392(188, TT). Lin Shu (1852-1924) translated over 200 works although he did not know any foreign languages at all. He is considered as “文学家, 翻译家”(《中国大百科全书》). Lin Shu’s translations are absolutely not faithful to the ST, but he is still considered a great translator. Why so? Example: Yan Fu It may be safely assumed that two thousand years ago, before Caesar set foot in southern Britain, the whole countryside visible from the windows of the room in which I write, was in what is called ‘state of nature’. 赫胥黎独处一室之中，背山而面野，槛外诸景，历历如在机下。 乃悬想二千年前，当罗马大将恺彻未到时，此间有何景物。计唯有天造草昧，人功未施。 Evolution: progressive development indefinite persistence in the same condition and with retrogressive modification. The second part of the definition was totally del