Megacities培训讲义.pptVIP

* Urban Challenges....pollution * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Megacities (this is only a skeleton outline of the topic)* define* patterns of change* challenges or problems* solutions – you need substantial examples from particular places such as Mumbai, India; Manila, Philippines...etc. and how Governments, NGO’s, international agencies and communities are dealing with problems of housing, poverty, transport, infrastructure, pollution etc. New Definition A megacity is generally defined as a metropolitan area with a total population in excess of 10 million people – this is an updated definition (textbook definitions use 8 Million and is now incorrect...) NOTE: Due to rapid change in numbers do some research to check how many megacities are currently in the world......and look at how it has changed.... In 2000, there were 18 megacities and by 2007 27 megacities of which ….are located in the developing world.....by 2009 ???? Tokyo, (33,600,000) Seoul, South Korea (23,400,000) Mexico City (22,400,000) New York City, USA (21,961,994) Mumbai (Bombay), India (21,600,000) Delhi, India (21,500,000) S?o Paulo, Brazil (20,600,000) Los Angeles, USA (18,000,000) Shanghai, China (17,500,000) Osaka (16.7) Cairo (16.1) Kolkata (15.7) Manila (15.6) Jakarta (15.1) Karachi (15.1) Buenos Aires (13.6) Dhaka (12.6) Beijing (12.8) Lahore (12.7) London (12.5) Paris (12.0) Istanbul (11.8) Rio de Janeiro (11.5) Tehran (10.2) Lagos (10.1) Moscow (10.1) Bangkok (10.1) Board of Studies requirements… Outline the nature, character and spatial distribution of mega cities in the DEVELOPING WORLD Describe the challenges of living in mega cities and evaluate the responses to these challenges Evaluate the role of community based groups, NGO’s in addressing one challenge of living in mega-cities. …..the term Megacity Was first used in 1957 by Jean Gottmann in the USA and reflected changes in work and social habits of people after