机翼极限环颤振分岔序列.docVIP

机翼极限环颤振分岔序列 吴志强，张建伟 （天津大学力学系，天津，300072） [摘要] 机翼颤振是飞机飞行中最常见的、可能带来灾难性后果的气动弹性现象，属于自激振动。揭示其机理和规律，对机翼和飞行器设计有重要意义。以二元机翼模型为例，通过数值计算Poincare映射分岔的方法，讨论了极限环颤振随气流速度变化引起的复杂分岔行为。对自治非线性系统，还没有公认的方法选取合适的Poincare截面，特选俯仰角加速度为零的点作为广义Poincare截面上的点。通过考察广义Poincare截面上点的数目随参数的变化来考察系统的分岔。计算出了参数气流激振力变化导致的分岔图，并给出了8种不同的具有代表性的典型的相图和谱图，对应8种闭轨曲线的拓扑形状各不相同，发现系统中存在正向和反向的超谐分岔是产生这种闭轨分岔的根源。 [关键词] 二元机翼；颤振；闭轨分岔；超谐分岔；Poincare截面 BIFURCATION SEQUENCE OF LIMIT-CYCLE FLUTTER OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL AIRFOIL WU Zhiqiang, ZHANG Jianwei (Departmant of Mechanics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China) [Abstract] The airfoil flutter is a self-excited aeroelastic phenomenon which may lead to catastrophe in aircraft flight. Its mechanism and rules are very important for wing and aircraft design. For a two degree-of-freedoms airfoil model, the bifurcation behaviour of its limit-cycle flutter induced by the variation of the air flow velocity is investigated numerically by the Poincare map method. The Poincare section is defined in the way so that it insects the orbit when the pitch angular acceleration crosses zero increasingly. The bifurcation diagrams due to the variation of the fluid force are presented as well as the eight different typical phase portraits and the corresponding amplitude spectra. It is found that the bifurcation sequence is formed by a series of superharmonic bifurcations which result in the eight phase portraits topologically different. [Key words] two-dimensional airfoil; flutter; closed-orbit bifurcation; super-harmonic bifurcation; Poincare section 机翼颤振是飞机飞行中最常见的、可能带来灾难性后果的气动弹性现象，属于自激振动。机翼的颤振主要是由机翼的结构非线性和气动非线性相耦合而引起的。结构非线性通常有三种近似表示：即立方非线性、间隙非线性以及滞后非线性[1] 。气动非线性，是飞机的飞行过程中由流体分离和突变引起的，目前主要存在两种模型：一是以非线性梁为基础的ONERA气动模型,目前已成为了一种比较公认的非线性气动力模型[2]，二是由Holt Ashley等提出的针对超音速流的拟定常一阶活塞理论[3]。 极限环颤振是指气流速度增加导致系统中出现Hopf分岔而产生的周期振动。自五十年代末，Woolstont和Shen提出极限环颤振概念以来，人们在理论与实验研究方面已经做了不少研究。文[4]报道了商用喷气飞机机翼/机身颤振模型在超音速气流下的极限环颤振实验。赵永辉等[5]进行了大展弦比夹芯翼大攻角颤振分析。杨翊仁及其合作者，研究了外挂连接具有初偏间隙非线性的机翼颤振问题，发现二元/三元机翼系统中都存在次谐分岔[6,7]；而在