sensory organs 培训教程文件.pptVIP

The sensory organs感觉器官 感觉器: The Sensory Organs 感觉器 Sensory organs : receptor with its accessory apparatus classification of receptor: 1、外感受器 exteroceptor 2、内感受器 enteroceptor 3、本体感受器 proprioceptor What are the receptors? the structures which can receive stimuli from internal and external environments and turn them into nerve impulse Chapter 1 Visual Organ  Section 1 the eyeball  I. External features ball- shaped ant. and post. poles 赤道Equator 眼轴: ocular axis 视轴: optic axis ( I ) Walls of eyeball fibrous tunic ( external tunic ) 1. 角膜Cornea anterior 1/6, transparent, more convexity, with rich nerve terminals, no blood vessels 2. 巩膜Sclera posterior 5/6, tough, white in colour, opaque 巩膜静脉窦sinus venosus sclerae Vascular tunic ( vascular tunic ) 1、虹膜Iris 瞳孔pupil Contains sphincter pupillae 瞳孔括约肌(circular fibers) and dilator pupillae 瞳孔开大肌 (radial fibers) Cornea and iris meet to form the iridocorneal angle 虹膜角膜角 Contains pigmental cells 2. 睫状体 Cilliary body 睫状突 Ciliary processes: a series of some 60~80 projections， producing aqueous humor ciliary zonnule 睫状环 Ciliary ring Ciliary m.:control the convexity of lens 3. 脉络膜Choroid Thin, rich in bloodvessels: supplies the wall of eyeball Contains brown pigmented cells:creates a dark room The retina ( internal tunic ) Iridial part blind part Ciliary part Choroid part optic part Lines the choroid Composed of two layers: An outer pigment cell layer Inner neural layer The neural layer consists of: The cone and rod cell layer The bipolar cell layer The ganglion cell layer 视神经盘 Optic disc Physiological blind spot 黄斑 Macula lutea a small yellow spot, 3.5mm temporal to optic disc 中央凹 Fovea centralis central fovea of macula lutea where the visual acuity is highest (II) Contents of eyeball 1.