SOEN Software Design培训教程文件.pptVIP

SOEN 343Software Design Section H Fall 2006 Dr Greg Butler http://www.cs.concordia.ca/~gregb/home/soen343h-f06.html Responsibilities, Principles, Patterns Design Good Design, Smells, Evolutionary Design TDD (Test Driven Design) RDD (Responsibility Driven Design) GRASP Principles Information Expert, Creator, Polymorphism What is Design? Developing a blueprint (plan) for a mechanism that performs the required task, … taking into account all the constraints, … making trade-offs between constraints when they are in conflict. Design vs. Requirements and Implementation. Requirements Design Implementation Design Levels Architectural design . . . Detailed design . . . Implementation (executable designs) Two complimentary approaches to design Planned Design vs. Evolutionary Design Can we get away with only planned design? Evolutionary Design What is the probability that a S/W design will need to be updated? Change is inevitable, evolutionary design recognizes this. As software is changed, generally it becomes more complex unless effort is made to keep it simple. Evolutionary Design Practices XP Test driven development (TDD) Do not add code unless you have a test failing … Important characteristics “Full” automated test suites Refactoring Help us learn detailed design idioms, patterns, … Prerequisites to Successful Evolutionary Design? Testing … lots of automated testing. Refactoring … keeping the design simple. Continuous integration Actually, testing is a prerequisite to refactoring. Refactoring A refactoring is a change made to the internal structure of S/W to make it easier to understand and less expensive to modify, without changing its observable behavior. Can you pick out a good design? What is a good design? Satisfies user needs. Is a simple as possible. Kent Beck: Runs all tests Reveals intention. No duplication. Fewest number of classes or methods … can you smell bad design choices? “Bad Smells” Duplication. Long method. … we will be learnin