Federal - State Partnership in Implementing Air Quality .pptVIP

Federal - State Partnership in Implementing Air Quality Standards under the U. S. Clean Air Act联邦和州在根据美国《清洁空气法》实施空气质量标准中的合作Lessons Learned 经验教训 Sara Schneeberg Assistant General Counsel U. S. EPA Office of General Counsel 萨拉 史尼伯格 法律总顾问助理 美国联邦环保署法律顾问办公室 Summary of Air Quality Planning空气质量规划概要 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) EPA sets ambient standards to protect public health and welfare Area Designations EPA designates areas as attaining or not attaining the standards 《国家环境空气质量标准》 (NAAQS) 环保署 设置了旨在保护公共健康和福祉的环境标准 地区划分 环保署 将各个地区划分为达标或未达标地区 Summary of Air Quality Planning (continued)空气质量规划概要（续） State Implementation Plans (SIP) States prepare plans to quickly attain the standards, and to maintain attainment EPA reviews and approves the SIPs 州级实施计划 (SIP) 各州制定旨在快速达标并保持达标状态的计划 环保署 审查和批准 SIP NAAQS 国家环境空气标准 EPA sets national standards for pollutants without considering cost Primary standards must protect public health with adequate margin of safety Secondary standards protect environmental welfare 环保署 在不考虑成本的情况下设定全国污染物防治标准 初级标准必须实现公共健康保护并拥有足够安全裕度 次级标准保护环境福祉 NAAQS (continued)国家环境空气标准（续） EPA must review each standard every 5 years and revise if appropriate U.S. EPA has established NAAQS for six pollutants: ozone, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, lead, and particulate matter (PM) 环保署 须每 5 年对各项标准执行一次审查，并根据需要进行修订 美国环保署的 《国家环境空气质量标准》 (NAAQS) 是针对以下 6 种污染物制定的： 臭氧、一氧化碳、二氧化硫、二氧化氮、铅和颗粒物 (PM) Designation Requirements划分要求 EPA designates areas throughout the country based on monitored ambient air quality as: (i) nonattainment…not meeting standards, or contributing to non-attaining area (ii) attainment…meeting standards (iii) unclassifiable…insufficient data to determine appropriate status Designations established through cooperative process with states, beginning with state recommendations 环保署 根据环境空气质量监测结果将全国各地区划分为以下几类： 未达标…不符合标准，或造成其它地区不达标的地区 达标…符合标准 (iii) 无法分级…没有充分的数据来确定地区的适当状态