大学英语语法之existentialsentence培训教案.pptVIP

Existential Sentence There+ be + NP+ Locative Expression (+ Temporal Expression) Subject 1. Formal subject and notional(real) subject the determiners of notional subject include: (1) the indefinite article; (2) the zero article; (3) other indefinite determiners such as some, any, no, several, many, much, more, (a) few, (a) little, less, another, a lot of, plenty of, a number of, enough, as well as the cardinal numerals.  The notional subject can also be realized by some-, any-, no- compounds such as something, nothing, anyone, etc.   Transform from other sentence patterns into an existential sentence. 1. Verb in the seven basic sentence patterns is progressive aspect (进行体)，we could transform that into the existential sentence with –ing participle SV：　 A tree is falling. → There is a tree falling. ＳＶＣ： A computer was available. → There was a computer available. A new film will be on. → There will be a new film on. ＳＶＯ： No one was greeting him. →There was no one greeting him.  ＳＶＯＯ：A girl has been telling me her troubles. →There has been a girl telling me her troubles. ＳＶＣ： Someone is painting the door green. →There is someone painting the door green. ＳＶＡ： Is anyone in the room? →Is there anyone in the room? ＳＶＯＡ：Many workers have been building the bridge since then. →There have been many workers building the bridge since then. 2. Verb is not progressive aspect, transform that into relative clause No one came here. →There was no one who came here. I must visit a friend. → There is a friend I must visit. 3.The subject is the noun phrase with generic reference （类指)，transform that into double negative structureA plant needs light and water. →There is no plant that does not need light or water. →(误) There is a plant that needs light and water.  2. Omission of formal subject On the hill(there) stands a temple. In the valley (there) lies a stream. 3. Subject-verb concord There is an ol