八年级语法一般过去式和不定式讲解讲解.ppt

Grammar —— 一般过去式 定义：过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 常和表示过去的时间状语连用。 What?did?you?do?yesterday?? I?met?Lin?Tao?this?morning.? I?was?there?a?moment?ago.? Be动词在一般过去时中的变化： ⑴am 和is 变为 was。（was not=wasn’t） ⑵are 变为 were。（were not=weren’t） ⑶否定句在was或were后加not， 一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。 句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子 肯定句： Jim went home yesterday. 否定句：didn’t +动词原形， Jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。 Did Jim go home yesterday? 动词过去式变化规则： 1．一般在动词末尾加-ed look-looked, ask-asked 2．结尾是e加d taste-tasted 3．末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed stop-stopped 4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed study-studied 5 ．不规则动词过去式： be go look taste Grammar ——不定代词 some, any, no, every ·分别加上 -thing, -one , -body构成的不定代词叫做合成不定代词； （1）合成不定代词在句中可以作主语，宾语或表语等。 Nobody will listen to him. He wants something to eat. （2）不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。 Everybody likes reading. There is nothing wrong with the TV. （3）some-不定代词，通常用于肯定句中； Someone is calling me. any-不定代词则多用于否定句、疑问句中。 There isn’t anyone else there. Is anybody over there? 但some-可用于表请求、邀请、预料对方会作肯定回答时的疑问句中。 Could you give me something to eat? （4）形容词修饰不定代词时，通常要放在不定代词之后。 There is something delicious on the table. （5）somewhere, anywhere, nowhere, everywhere用作副词。 Flowers come out everywhere. 巩固练习： 用不定代词或不定副词填空： 1. I can’t hear anything = I can hear _________. 2. There is __________ on the floor. Please pick it up. 3. Did ________ go to play basketball with you ? 4. I phoned you last night, but ________ answered it. 5. Maybe __________ put my pencil _________. I can’t find it ___________. 单选 1. No one ________ how to do it. A.know B. knows C. knowing D. knew 2. Everything_____OK, isn’t it? A. was B. are C. and D. is 3. There’s________in the newspaper. You should read it. A. important something