通信系统第三章.pptVIP

Communication Systems contents 3.1 Introduction-P.183 Pulse modulation types 3.2 Sampling Process Ideal sampling process Reconstruction of the original signal g(t) (a) Spectrum of a signal. (b) Spectrum of an undersampled version of the signal exhibiting the aliasing phenomenon（混叠现象）. Practical sampling（实际抽样） 3.3 Pulse-Amplitude Modulation PAM Comparison Aperture effect 3.4 Other Forms of Pulse Modulation 3.5 Bandwidth-Noise Trade-off　 PCM 3.6 　Quantization Process—P.193 Quantizer characteristic Quantization Noise How to Calculate Quantization Noise ? SNR of Uniform Quantizaer Example 3.1 Sinusoidal Modulating Signal 3.7 Pulse-Code Modulation—P.201 Sampling follows sampling theorem. 　 Compression Law: ?-Law Piecewise（分段） linear approximation Encoding Commonly used Line codes（线路码） Regeneration 3.8 Noise Consideration in PCM Systems Bit Error Rate (BER) 3.9 Time-Division Multiplexing TDM How to understand the principle of TDM? Synchronization Example 3.2 the T1 System What is E1 system? 3.11 Virtues, Limitations, and Modifications of PCM Disadvantages of PCM 3.12 Delta Modulation DM Illustration of delta modulation A=1 A=1 uniform quantizer A=87.6 international standard Compression Law: A-Law A律 ?=0 ?=0 uniform quantizer ?=255 international standard ?-Law is neither strictly linear nor strictly logarithmic. Compressor+expander=compander压扩器 There is a need to use a device in the receiver with a characteristic complementary to the compressor. Such a device is called an expander. Ideally, the compression and expansion laws are exactly inverse so that the expander output is equal to the compressor input. It is also of interest to note that in actual PCM systems, the companding(压扩) circuitry does not produce an exact replica of the nonlinear compression curves. Rather, it provides a piecewise linear approximation to the desired curve. Why encoding? After sampling and quantizing, the specification of a continuous message signal becomes limited