IPS细胞的研究进展及应用前景论文.docVIP

目 录 摘 要 2 ABSTRACT 3 第一章 前 言 4 1.1 iPS细胞的概述 4 1.2 iPS细胞的获得 4 1.3 iPS细胞研究的发展史 5 1.4研究iPS细胞的意义 5 第二章iPS细胞的研究进展 6 2.1 iPS细胞的建立 6 2.1.1因子作用 6 2.1.2优化建系方法 7 2.1.3提高iPS细胞的制备效率 9 2.1.4 iPS细胞的安全性 11 2.2 iPS细胞的应用 12 2.2.1.iPS细胞在治疗血液疾病的应用 12 2.2.2对肿瘤发生机理的推动 12 2.2.3体细胞核移植技术 13 2.2.4治疗神经系统疾病 14 2.2.5鼠角膜上皮细胞的培育 14 2.2.6开发疾病治疗新方法 14 2.2.7在生物学基础研究中的应用 15 第三章存在问题及展望 16 3.1 iPS细胞面临的问题 16 3.2 iPS细胞的展望 17 参考文献 19 致谢 21 摘 要 通过导入特定的转录因子可将分化的体细胞重编程为诱导性多能干细胞（Induced pluripotent stem cells,iPS cells）,这项技术避免了干细胞研究领域的免疫排斥和伦理道德问题,是生命科学领域的一次巨大革命。与胚胎干细胞（Embryonic stem cells,ES cells）一样,iPS细胞能够自我更新并维持未分化状态在体外,iPS细胞可定向诱导分化出多种成熟细胞因此,iP细胞在理论研究和临床应用等方面都极具应用价值。iPS细胞作为核供体细胞，同适当的受体细胞融合后便可以直接获得转基因动物。不仅可以提高动物的遗传本质，而且可以打破物种的界限，获得用传统的交配方法无法得到的动物新性状。iPS细胞的受到人们广泛的关注, 是目前细胞生物学和分子生物学领域的研究热点。关键词：诱导性多能干细胞 胚胎干细胞?转录因子 重编程分化ABSTRACT Through the import specific transcription factors can be used for the analysis of somatic reprogramming Induced pluripotent stem multipotent (iPS cells, cells), the technology prevents stem cell research field of immune rejection and ethical questions of life science, is a great revolution. And Embryonic stem (ES cells, Embryonic stem cells), iPS cells as self-renew and maintain undifferentiated state. The in vitro, iPS cells orientable differentiation out lots of mature cells, therefore, iPS cells in theory research and clinical application, etc are extremely application value. IPS cells in the differentiation and treatment of blood disease of transplanted has a lot of USES, iPS cells can treat the diseases of the nervous system, provide the disease model for in vitro, forming mechanism of diseases, screening drugs and develop new provides new treatments. Use iPS cells as nuclear donor cell, with appropriate receptor cells after fusion can directly obtain transgenic animals. Not only can improve the genetic nature and animals to break with the boundary, obtain species of traditional mating methods cannot get new traits of animals. iPS cells re