专题11定语从句讲学案原卷版.docVIP

【2016考纲解读】 定语从句的用法较为复杂，高考除了单独考查定语从句知识外，还常常结合句式结构、时态等来综合考查。纵观近几年各地高考试题，不难发现其考点主要包括： 1．考查关系代词和关系副词的区分。如：that，which和where，when的区分； that，which和why的区分等。 2．考查whose的使用。whose可以指代人或物，在定语从句中作定语，后跟名词。指物时，whose＋名词＝名词＋ of which ＝ of which＋名词。如： The classroom whose door/the door of which/of which the door is broken is on the second floor. 3．考查as/which引导的非限制性定语从句。尤其要重视which，as引导的非限制性定语从句和it，what引导的主语从句的区分。 4．考查定语从句中的主谓一致现象。如： I, who am your close friend, will try my best to help you whenever you are in trouble. 5．考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，关系代词指人时用whom，指物时用which，不能用that。关系代词作定语时也可用whose。如： The teacher in front of whose house stands a tall tree is very patient with his students. 同时还要重视“复杂介词或代词”出现时与并列句的区别。如： He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.(定语从句) He loved his parents deeply and both of them are very kind to him.(并列句) 此外，“介词＋which ＋名词”结构，也是一个较为特殊的结构。如： He was very ill, in which case(＝and in this case) we sent him to hospital first. 6．考查一些特殊的先行词。如：当situation, point, case, activity，scene及period, festival, occasion等出现时，要注意具体情况具体分析；作主语、宾语和表语时，用关系代词that/which; 作状语时，用关系副词where/when或“介词＋which”，表示在某种特定的情形下。 7．考查定语从句、强调句、时间状语从句等的区别。如： The news that he had passed the exam pleased him and his family.(同位语从句) The news (that) he told me this morning is not interesting. (定语从句) It was 1914 when the war broke out.(时间状语从句) It was in 1914 that the war broke out.(强调句) 2016年高考对定语从句的考查仍将不会单纯地考查其语法结构，而是把它融入到一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。 【重点知识梳理】 一定语从句与并列句的区别 请观察下面三个句子： 1．Wang Hong failed in the College Entrance Examination, ______ disappointed his mother. 2．Wang Hong failed in the College Entrance Examination and ______ disappointed his mother. 3．Wang Hong failed in the College Entrance Examination; ______ disappointed his mother. 第一句话：句中有逗号，根据句意可知，空白处的内容应该指的是前面整个句子的内容，是对前文信息的补充说明，因此，此句是非限制性定语从句，用关系代词which； 第二句话：句中有并列连词and，因此整个句子是一个并列句，所以可以用代词it指代前面句子的内容。 第三句话：句中有分号，这表明整个句子是一个并列句，因此可以用代词it指代前面句子的内容。 技巧 判断是定语从句还是并列句，要注意句中的标点符号和句中的连接词。如果句与句之间有连词或者分号，则是并列句；如果是逗号，且逗号后的内