IBL4专用课件.pptVIP

Chapter 4 International Commercial Contract Introduction Formation of International Commercial Contract Execution of International Commercial Contract Remedies Ⅰ. Introduction A. Concept of Contract Civil Law System: 合同指当事人旨在引起债权债务关系发生的意思表示(manifestation of intention)一致的行为(conduct). Common Law System: 合同是法律为之提供救济的诺言（Promise）. Chinese Contract Law： 合同是平等主体的自然人、法人、其他组织之间设立、变更、终止民事权利义务关系的协议. A contract is an agreement between natural persons, legal persons or other organizations with equal standing, for the purpose of establishing, altering, or discharging a relationship of civil rights and obligations. Exclude: 不平等主体之间的合同 有关身份(status)关系的协议 B. Sources of Contract law 1. 国际条约（International treaties) --1980年联合国国际货物买卖合同公约 Convention on Contract of International Sales of Goods --海牙规则(Hague rules)等 2. 国际惯例（International Practice): --国际商事合同通则 Principles of International Commercial Contracts 3.Domestic legislation and judicial precedent --Continent law system： 民法典 (Civil code) --Case law system: 判例法(case law),成文法(statute law),单行法(specific law) --中国: 民法通则(The General Rules of the Civil Law, GRCL) ,合同法及其它相关规定 C. 国际商事合同的概念与特征 Concept Characteristic of International Commercial Contract Law 1. Concept 国际商事合同是不同国家的当事人或营业地处于不同国家的当事人之间,为完成跨国交易,明确相互权利义务的协议。 2. Characteristic --合同主体(subject)的特定性 --合同标的(object)的跨国移动 --适用法律(applicable law)可选性 --争议管辖(jurisdiction in contract disputes)可选性 Ⅱ. Formation of International Commercial Contract A. 要约与承诺(Offer Acceptance) 1. Offer 1)概念( Concept): 一方向特定的另一方提出的愿意以一定的条件同对方订立合同,并含有一旦被对方接受即受其约束的意思表示. An offer is a partys manifestation of intention to enter into a contract with the other party. 2) 有效要件( key elements of offer) 订约之意思表示 要约邀请:An invitation to offer is a partys manifestation of intention to invite the other party to make an offer thereto. 内容明确(clear)肯定(affirmed) 商业广告如内容明确肯定亦可构成要约 送达到要约人才能生效 Case study: Is an advertisement an offer? 美国某商店销售广告纠纷案 天津广告寻包案 3)要约的约束力 要约作出后能否撤回、撤销？ 对受要约人的约束力 对要约人的约束力 USA law: firm offer PRC