汽车发动机英教语程.docVIP

Lesson? 1.?????? Petrol and Diesel Engines ????????????????汽油发动机机和柴油发动机 ?? The explosive mixture of the petrol engine is provided by a carburettor, but in the case of the diesel engine the supply is effected by an injection or jerk pump which forces a shot of fuel into each cylinder in turn according to the correct firing sequence. 翻译：汽油发动机由一个化油器输送可燃混合气体，而柴油发动机，由一个喷射泵或柱塞式燃油泵实现燃油供应，此泵根据正确的点火顺序把少量燃油依次压入每个汽缸。 ? The pump is actuated from a camshaft and the amount injected for each power stroke is extremely small at maximum output, indeed it may be less than 0.1 cm2? , Moreover, this charge must be metered with great and constant accuracy even while it is being variably controlled to regulate power from idling to maximum. ?? It will be realised that efficient and economical running is largely dependent upon the fuel pump. 翻译：通过凸轮轴驱动油泵。每个功率冲程的燃油喷射量在最大输出功率时是非常微小的，实际上，可能小于0.1 cm2。而且，此燃油量虽然从怠速到最大速度要进行不同的控制调节，但此燃油量必须非常精确和稳定地进行测量。 人们认识到有效和经济的运行主要依靠燃油泵 ?? Multi-cylinder engines are normally equipped with pumps in unit monobloc form incorporating a corresponding number of elements，having a common camshaft and control means but provided with individual adjustments for regulating their output and setting their timing . ?? An equal quantity of fuel must be delivered by each element, which is calibrated separately to a predetermined rate of delivery. ?? Timing of the start of injection in relation to engine crankshaft position must also be constant and equal on each element, the setting process is called phasing. ? Calibration and phasing are precision operations to be carried out only by skilled service mechanics? who have the necessary specialised equipment. 翻译：多汽缸发动机一般情况下装配整体式油泵，把相关的喷射单元组合成一体，共用凸轮轴和控制方式，但可单独调整以调节各自功率输出和设定各自的正时。????? 每个喷射单元必须输送等量燃油,按照预定的输送比率分别校准。 ????? 与发动机曲轴位置度相关的喷射开始时间在每个喷射单元也必须是恒定相等的。设定的过程被称为调整相位。 ????? 校准和调整相位是精确的操作，只有熟练的服务机械师用必要的专用工具才能进行， ?? A very important detail is that injection must cease cleanly and abruptly at the end of the delivery period without any