2005年上海市普陀区医疗保健机构医源性感染情况分析.docVIP

［摘要］ 目的 了解2005年上海市普陀区各级医疗保健机构医院院内感染的现状，为降低院内感染率，提供科学依据。方法 应用流行病学方法监测全区各级医疗保健机构院内感染的现状。结果 2005年院内感染率为4.20%，论文格式其中一级医院院内感染发病率为5.15%；二级医院院内感染率为4.27%；三级医院院内感染率为3.70%。院内感染率一级医院明显高于二、三级医院；二级医院高于三级医院。三者之间感染发病率的差别有高度统计意义（χ2=23.66，P＜0.001）。院内感染率无明显季节性。感染的高发科室：二级医院以ICU、干部科、中医科为主；三级医院以神经ICU、ICU、血液科为主。感染部位：二级医院以下呼吸道、泌尿道、消化道为前3位；三级医院以下呼吸道、泌尿道、上呼吸道为前3位。结论 普陀区各级医疗保健机构院内感染率低于国内平均水平，严格消毒隔离制度、消毒技术操作规范及合理使用抗生素是控制降低院内感染最有效手段。 　　［Abstract］ Objective To study the current status of nosocomial infection which occurred during 2005 at all levels of medical institutions in Putuo district， Shanghai， and to provide scientific basis for the reduction of nosocomial infection incidence.Methods Use epidemiological approaches to monitor nosocomial infection at all levels of medical institutions in Putuo district.Results During 2005 total nosocomial infection incidence was 4.20%. First level hospital had a significantly higher infection incidence (5.15%) than both second level hospital (4.27%) and third level hospital (3.70%);second level hospital higher than third level hospital. There were significant differences among three hospital groups. (χ2=23.66，P0.001). Nosocomial infection incidence was not obviously season-related. The three main departments with high incidence were ICU， special aged patients ward and herbal medicine at second level hospital;neuro ICU， ICU， and hemopathy at third level hospital. The three leading infected body parts were lower respiratory duct， urinary duct and alimentary tract at second level hospital;lower respiratory duct， urinary duct and upper respiratory duct at third level hospital.Conclusion The nosocomial infection incidence at all levels of medical institutions in Putuo district was lower than domestic average level. Strict disinfection isolation system， disinfection skills criteria as well as reasonable antibiotic application are the most effective method to control and reduce nosocomial infection. ??? 医源性感染是现代医院管理中的一项敏感指标。它不仅反映医疗、护理质量，而且与医疗事故、医疗纠纷及医疗费用密切相关，