狭水道航行方法的探讨.docxVIP

狭水道航行方法的探讨【摘要】海上船舶上运输承担着90%以上的国际贸易运量，而航行于各个港口之间的船舶，在进港时不得不行经狭窄的航道，而国际间一些重要的海峡、运河也是很多船舶不得不经过的狭水道，狭水道航行难度较大，受风、流、浅水效应、岸壁效应、来船、航海者心理素质等因素的影响，事故多发，严重影响海上运输业的发展和海洋环境的保护。本文通过对狭水道的概念进行阐述，明确狭水道航行的重要性，分析狭水道的各种环境条件和航行特点，通过狭水道船舶碰撞事故案例分析探讨，联系《1972年国际海上避碰规则》在狭水道的规定进行分析和探讨，研究狭水道航行的方法，从而减少狭水道船舶航行事故的发生。【关键词】狭水道特点操纵航行方法Method of navigating a narrow channel【Abstract】：Sea transportation, Bearing More than 90% of the international trade volume, has its device “vessels” at risk because of narrow channels in harbors, straits and canals in important navigation lines, where marineaccidents Occurre frequently for the affection of wind, current, shallow water effect, Shore wall effect as well as the factors of vessels and navigators’ psychological quality. This aiticle clasifies the importance of channelnavigation and the various environmental conditions and sailing characteristics by clearly explain the definition of narrow channel, and then deeply analysis the cases of narrow channel ship collision accident with referrence to the rules in 1972 International Regulations For Preventing Collisions At Sea，comes to the conclusion of the ways of channelnavigation so as to reduce the occurrence of marineaccident.【Keywords】：Narrow channel Characteristics Manipulation Navigation method目录引言····································································5第一章狭水道概述·························································61.1狭水道的概念·····················································61.2狭水道的特点·····················································6 1.2.1 航道一般航道较狭窄，水深限制较大且经常变化···················6 1.2.2 航道内灯浮、障碍物较多·······································6 1.2.3 航道多弯曲，航区内复杂多变···································7 1.2.4 潮流湍急、风流多变···········································7 1.2.5 船舶通航密度大···············································7 1.2.6 岸吸、岸推与船吸现象明显·····································7 1.2.7 气象多变················