Executive Functions Alberta Centre for Child, Family 阿尔伯塔省的行政中心的功能孩子家庭.pptxVIP

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Executive Functions Alberta Centre for Child, Family 阿尔伯塔省的行政中心的功能孩子家庭.pptx

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Psychobiology of Self‐Regulation:?Stress Physiology and the Development of Executive Functions In Early Childhood Clancy Blair, PhDDepartment of Applied PsychologySteinhardt school of culture, education, and human development New York University/appsych/phd/psychological_development Departments of Psychology and Human Ecology and the Community‐University Partnership for the Study of Children, Youth, and Families at the University of Alberta January 21, 2013 Self-Regulation Self-Regulation is composed of multiple components Cognitive Executive functions and the control of attention Emotional Reactivity and regulation of the timing and intensity of emotional responses Physiological Reactivity and regulation of stress response systems Self-Regulation: What is It? Self-Regulation – coordination of activity in multiple systems in response to stimulation (internal as well as external) that can be arrayed along a continuum from effortful to automatic Bottom-up as well as Top-down Executive Functions Working Memory, Inhibitory Control, Attention Flexibility Attention Alerting, Orienting Emotional Reactivity and Regulation Positive and Negative Stress Physiology Sympathetic, Parasympathetic, HPA Genes Neuromodulator Receptor Function Controlled -------------------------------------------- Automatic The Architecture of Self-Regulation Neurobiology Bottom-up signaling via hormones – cortisol, dopamine, norepinephrine that act as neuromodulators Top-down activity in prefrontal cortex systems associated with working memory, inhibitory control, attention flexibility How are bottom-up and top-down influences related? Yerkes-Dodson Complex learning, executive function Simple learning, reactivity, fear conditioning EXECUTIV E FUNCTION ABILITY Arnsten Li (2005). Biological Psychiatry Arnsten (2009). Nature Neuroscience Reviews Context and Development Self-Regulation Self-regulation in context Self-regulation early in development is shaped by experiential infl