1.atomicstucture讲解.pptVIP

* Iridium * 5. Isotopes 同位素 (1) Definition:These atoms all have the same number of protons (which makes them still the same element), but differ in the number of neutrons in the nucleus. Isotopes therefore have the same atomic number, but different mass numbers. Usually if an element has an atomic mass that is greater than 0.1 from being an integer, it is a sign that it is composed of a mixture of isotopes. + + + + + + Nucleus Electrons Nucleus Neutron Proton Carbon-12 Neutrons 6 Protons 6 Electrons 6 Nucleus Electrons Carbon-14 Neutrons 8 Protons 6 Electrons 6 + + + + + + Nucleus Neutron Proton Page ? * Isotopes of chlorine 35Cl 37Cl 17 17 chlorine - 35 chlorine - 37 Page ? * So, isotopes Have the same number of protons differ in the number of neutrons in the nucleus still the same element the identical chemical properties Physical properties often also depend on the mass of the particles and so different isotopes will often have slightly different physical properties. Page ? * * Naturally occurring carbon consists of three isotopes, 12C, 13C, and 14C. State the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in each of these carbon atoms. 12C 13C 14C 6 6 6 #p _______ _______ _______ #n _______ _______ _______ #e _______ _______ _______ * Write the atomic symbols for atoms with the following: A. 8 p+, 8 n, 8 e- ___________ B. 17p+, 20n, 17e- ___________ C. 47p+, 60 n, 47 e- ___________ (2) The natural abundances of isotopes Abundance: the natural prevalence of different isotopes of an element on earth weighted average of all isotopes round to 2 decimal places Avg. Atomic Mass = A1×abundance1+ A2×abundance2 Exercise:Average Atomic Mass EX: Calcu