2011年临床英语1.docVIP

Evidence-based? medicine? 循证医学 Healthy? lifestyles? 健康生活方式 Obesity? 肥胖症 Palliative? care? 姑息性治疗 Hospice? 临终关怀 Immunization? 免疫 Screening? tests? 筛查试验 Susceptibility? 易感性 Health? promotion? 健康促进 Osteoporosis? 骨质疏松 Life? expectancy? 预期寿命 Geriatric? patients ?老年病人 Comorbidities? 并存病 Subclinical? disease? 亚临床疾病 Cognitive? impairment? 认知缺陷 Arthritis? 关节炎 Weight? loss? 体重减轻 Atherosclerosis? 动脉粥样硬化 Heart? failure? 心脏衰竭 Physical? therapy? 理疗 Iron? deficiency? anemia? 缺铁性贫血 Inflammatory? bowel? disease? 炎性肠病 Endoscopy? 内窥镜检查 Angiography? 造影 Asthma? 哮喘 Chronic? bronchitis? 慢支 Pulmonary? embolism? 肺栓塞 Lung? compliance? 肺顺应性 Diabetic? nephropathy? 糖尿病性肾病 Hyperglycemia? 高血糖症 Microalbuminuria? 微量蛋白尿 Proteinuria? 蛋白尿 Nephrotic? syndrome? 肾病综合征 Renal? failure? 肾功能衰竭 Etiology? 病因学 Autopsy? 尸检 Fine? needle? aspiration? 细针穿刺 Epidemic? influenza? 流行性感冒 Imaging? tests? 影像学检查 Acute? cholecystitis? 急性胆囊炎 Gallstones? 胆结石 Acute? abdominal? pain? 急腹症 Bowel? obstruction? 肠梗阻 Contrast? material? 造影剂 Cardiac? arrhythmia? 心律失常 Coronary? artery? disease? 冠心病 Myocarditis? 心肌炎 Echocardiography? 超声心动图 Elective? surgery? 择期手术 Antibacterial? spectrum? 抗菌谱 Peritonitis? 腹膜炎 Tenderness? 压痛 Gastrointestinal? perforation? 胃肠穿孔 Immunosuppression? 免疫抑制 Multisomatoform? disorder? 多重躯体形式障碍 Intestinal? anastomoses? 肠吻合术 Intra-abdominal? abscess? 腹腔脓肿 Nosocomial? infection? 院内感染 Aspiration误吸 Catheter? sepsis? 导管热、导管脓毒症 The increasing availability of randomized trials to guide the approach to diagnosis and therapy should not be equated with “cookbook” medicine. Evidence and the guidelines that are derived from it emphasize proven approaches for patients with specific characteristics. Substantial clinical judgment is required to determine whether the evidence and guidelines apply to individual patients and to recognize the occasional exceptions. Even more judgment is required in the many situations in which evidence is absent or inconclusive. Evidence also must be tempered by patients’ preferences, although it is