高考英语阅读理解干扰项设置规律.docVIP

高考英语阅读理解干扰项设置规律 　　阅读理解是高考试卷中分值最大的题型。近年来随着高考命题指导思想的发展，阅读理解题的命制日趋稳定、科学、合理和成熟。其干扰选项的设置不仅能检测出考生理解、概括、推理等逻辑思维的精准性、深刻性，而且对考生个人心理素质是一种检验。纵观近几年的高考阅读理解试题不难发现，干扰项的设置具有很强的迷惑性。针对这一趋势，要全面提高阅读理解能力，除具备深厚的语言功底，一定的阅读技巧和语篇结构分析、意群分析能力外，做题时了解干扰项的设置规律也至关重要。以下结合例题对常见的干扰方法加以介绍和分析。 　　一、主题扩大 　　干扰项归纳、概括的范围过大，太空泛，太笼统，表达的内容超出或多于文章实际所阐述的内容，与主旨大意之间是包含关系。就像给一个头很小的人戴上一顶大帽子，答题者需要认清文中讨论的主题和放大含义的选项之间的包含关系，然后进行排除。同时，采用逆推法，假定自己要以选项作为标题写文章，自己会以什么内容为主题。 　　HOUSTON ――A 10-year-old boy fatally shot his father Friday，as he sat in the front seat of a SUV to pick up the boy from his mother’s home for a weekend visit. 　　The incident happened about 3p.m on a culdesac（死胡同）in the 1700 block of Cedar Cove Court，said Williams of the Harris County Sheriff’s Department. 　　An investigation found that Rick James ，41，was shot by his son，who was sitting in the back seat of the man’s Toyota 4-Runner，said Williams.The shooting took place outside the home of James’ex-wife，where the boy lives with his mother and a 7-year-old brother. 　　“We’re not certain of anything until we finish our investigation”： Williams said.“The information we have at this time is that the 10-year-old did fire the weapon.” 　　The mother and the 7-year-old were inside the house when the shooting occurred，said Williams.Williams said the gun belonged to the boy’s mother.After firing shots through the back seat，the boy exited the back of the vehicle and continued to fire at the car. 　　The man died on the way to Memorial Herman Hospital. 　　James was a doctor at the University of Texas Medical Branch. 　　The man and woman shared custody（监护）of the children. 　　Williams said the mother and the boy were still in the home talking to investigators Friday night. 　　Neighbors described the family as being quiet and keeping to themselves 　　1.The best title for the news should be ？摇？摇 ？摇？摇 　　A.A Boy Shot His Father. 　　B.Shooting Kill a Father. 　　C.An Unbelievable Tragedy.（主题扩大） 　　D.A Ten-Year-Old Boy’s Cruelty. 　　二、以偏概全 　　干扰项概括不全面，只阐述了文章的部分内容，覆盖部