Philosophy and Religions【DOC精选】.doc

Philosophy and Religions The Development of Ancient Chinese Philosophy The philosophy of pre-Qin times The orthodox philosophy during the Han dynasty Metaphysics during the Wei and Jin dynasties The Buddhist philosophy during the Sui and Tang dynasties Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming dynasties Application philosophy in the Ming and Qing dynasties The basic features of ancient Chinese philosophy Stress on spiritual existence Stress on practice Stress on morality Stress on harmony Stress on intuition Characteristics of Chinese Ethics and Morality Seeking harmony and maintaining equilibrium Collectivism over individualism Spiritual life over material life Chinese Religions The Taoist religion The Taoist temples Eight Immortals in the Taoist religion 八仙过海，各显神通 The most sacred Taoist Mountain___ Dragon-Tiger Mountain江西鹰潭龙虎山 Basic values in Chinese culture and Chinese way of thinking Integration of Heaven and Men Heaven and Men are in a unity Collectivism The interests of a family, a group or a country are more important than those of an individual Rule of virtue; rule of morals; “kingly way” vs. “hegemonical way” The Value Priority in Traditional Chinese Culture The value of morality prior to that of utility; The value of moral merit prior to that of intelligent; The value of group prior to that of individuals; The value of peace and safety prior to that of freedom and liberty; The value of harmony prior to that of conflict. Philosophy Religion in China Chinese Folk Religion Confucianism Taoism Chinese Folk Religion Belief in spirits Reverence for ancestors Priests perform blessing rituals: purifying space Exercising evil spirits (“hungry ghosts”) Astrology Divination Chinese metaphysics is about… Energy Change Balance Harmony Inter-relationships Chinese Metaphysics Movement of cosmic energies: Rising Falling Expanding Contracting Rotating Represented by and expressed in the “five elements” of na