润滑油基础知识简介.pptVIP

中天愿与星瑞 精诚合作，双赢共进！ 思考题 1.润滑油的主要作用是什么？ 2.解释API SJ 15W-40的含义及应用？ 3.发动机机油压力表亮红灯的主要原因？ 4.发动机窜烧机油的主要原因？ 5.发动机发生烧瓦抱轴的主要原因？ 精品课件资料分享 SL出品 * * Standard bolt and screw, Stud bolt High tension, High precision fastners * Classification of Hydraulic Oils – Viscosity Index (VI). Viscosity Index is often used for hydraulic fluids as a guide to the relative performance in terms of viscosity change with temperature, based on measured kinematic viscosity values at 40C and 100C. Originally the VI scale was applied to mineral oils, where well refined paraffinic type mineral oils give the best performance with VI approaching 100. Hydraulic oils with no “VI improving” additives (monograde oils) therefore tend to have a VI in the region of 95 – 100. The use of polymeric Viscosity Index Improver (VII) additives such as “Viscoplex” allow much higher VI’s to be achieved; typically values of 140 or 150 are targeted but higher values such as 200 are also easily possible. As an example (see chart below) an ISO46 “monograde” fluid based just on mineral oil will have a KV100C of 6.7 mm2/s, but this is increased to 8.1 mm2/s for VI 150, and 9.6 mm2/s for VI 200. This gives improved viscometrics at both high and low temperature and extends the temperature range over which the fluid viscosity is acceptable. A hydraulic fluid which has improved VI above the ~100 found for mineral oil is often referred to as a multigrade hydraulic oil, or HV hydraulic oil under the ISO 6743-4:1999 and Chinese GB11118.1-94 classification. 欧洲发动机油质量进展—ACEA汽油机油分类 ?1996年ACEA首次发布汽油机油A系列规格——A1、A2、A3。 ?1998年ACEA-96修改，台架试验方法相同，但某些通过指标提高。 ?2002年ACEA规格修改，发布A1、A2、A3 、A4、A5 。 A1－适用于一些经特殊设计的汽油机，要求具有低磨擦、低粘度的性质，且高温高剪切粘度要求在2.6-3.5 mPa·s之间。 A2－适用大部分的汽油机，并具有正常的换油期，但是可能不适用于一些高性能的发动机。 A3－性能稳定，适用于高性能汽油机或经发动机制造商要求机油具有长换油期的发动机或要求第年只换一次低粘度油的发动机或应用苛刻的使用条件下。 A4－适用于汽油直喷发动机 A5－性能稳定，适用于要求长换油期的高性能发动机，具有低磨擦低粘度的性质，并且要求其高温高剪切粘度在2.9-3.5 mPa·s之间。 发动机油的选择 机油的选择包括两个方面：粘度级别和质