抗菌治疗指南课件.pptVIP

谢谢！ 1. Host-Parasite (causative organism)-Drug relationships Whenever a physician prescribes an antimicrobial agent to his/her patient, the physician always takes the above relationships into consideration in prescribing the most suitable antimicrobial agents to the patient. Therefore, we must understand the above relationships, especially DRUG-CAUSATIVE ORGANISM relationships, in order to provide doctors with sufficient information on the activities of antimicrobial agents against clinically important microorganisms. The following information will be of great help for further study of related medical microbiology and antimicrobial therapy. Your continued studies can help establishing stable and good relations with physicians. 2. Concept of Drug of Choice Diagnosis can often be done on the basis of a clinical manifestation, and antimicrobial therapy can be started empirically. Predominant microorganisms detected in community-acquired pneumonia are summarized in the above illustration. The antimicrobial agent chosen must be effective against those organisms. In this connection, the third generation oral cephalosporin, cefpodoxime proxetil, is one of the most suitable candidate antimicrobial agents to be prescribed as the drug of choice since it exerts strong antibacterial activity against these bacteria except for Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, influenza viruses and Legionella species. 3-(1) Bacterial cells and animal cells The big difference between bacterial cells and animal cells is that only bacterial cells have a cell wall. In general, penicillin or cephem antibiotics are safe for use in the human body because they kill bacteria by inhibiting synthesis of the bacterial cell wall which does not exist in human cells. For your information, characteristics of prokaryotic bacterial cells and eukaryotic human cells are shown below: 3-(2) Size of microorganisms Clinically important bacteria are around 0.3μm to 1μm in size. For comparison, a