高中英语定语从句复习归纳课件.ppt

定语从句 知识结构 ☆基本概念 ☆定语：用于修饰、限制名词、代词或先当于名词的短语或句子的成分。在中文中,定语一般放在所修饰的名词或代词之前；而在英文中则不同：单纯的形容词、分词作定语时，放在所修饰词之前；副词、分词短语和从句作定语时，要放在所修饰词之后。例如： 那个子高大聪明清秀的男孩是李小明的弟弟。 That tall bright smart boy is Li Ming's brother. 孩子们读喜欢读有图片的书 Children all like to read the books which have picture. 你能回答下面的问题吗？ Can you answer these questions bellow? 一个看到样姿同势的人认为它的意思是钱。 A person seeing the same gesture will think it means money. 以为来访的朋友一脸上被吻一下作为问好。 A visiting friend is greeted with a kiss on the cheek. 定语从句是用于修饰名词或代词的从句 ☆定语从句 A 限制性定语从句 B非限制性定语从句 定语从句=｛先行词+关系词+从句｝ ☆关系词：A关系代词 who, whom, whose, that, which B关系副词 when, where, why =（介词+关系代词 ） ☆ 限制性定语从句是修饰、限制先行词的从句。 ☆非限制性定语从句是对先行词、句子的部分或整个句子起修饰、限制或补充说明的，从句和主句用逗号的开。 ☆ 在限制性定语从句作宾语的关系代词可以省略，但非限制新定语从句则不能省。 例如： All the books that have pictures have been sent to them. All the books ,which have pictures ,have been sent to them. He has a brother who is a doctor. He has a brother ,who is a doctor. The man (whom) you met yesterday is Mr. Smith Children like to read books which have wonderful pictures 关系代词 的用法 关系副词的用法 ☆when (=in/on/at+ which)修饰表示时间的名词，在定从句中作状语。 I’ll never forget the day when (on which ) I joined the Party. ☆ where (=in/on/at+ which)修饰表示地点的名词，在定从句中作状语。 The factory where (in which) my father works is in the east of the city. ☆ why (=for+ which )修饰表示原因(reason)的名词，在定从句中作状语。 None of us know the reason why ( for which) Tom was absent from the meeting. 先行词指人时，关系代词用who，而不用that： ☆ 先行词是one, ones, anyone时,宜用who。 One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth. Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. ☆ 先行词是those时,宜用who。 Those who want to see the film sign up here. ☆当先行词有较长的后置定语且定语为物时，宜用who。 I met a foreign student from Beijing University who could ask me question in Chinese. ☆ 当一个句子中带有两个定语从句时，其中一个从句的关系代词用that，另一个宜用who。 The boy that you met at school gate yesterday morning is our monitor who studies very hard. ☆在there be 开头的句子中。