高三英语精编复习资料：语法专题（主谓一致）.docVIP

高三英语精编复习资料：语法专题主谓一致 主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词在人称和数的方面一致, 学习主谓一致应熟记一些语法规则。高考对主谓一致的考查多集中总在主语后面带有介词的名词的一致上, 但学生也应住其他的一些语法规则。处理主谓一致关系一般采取概念一致. 就近一致及语法一致的三个原则。 一、语法一致 1. 由and 连接的两个名词做主语, 表示不同的人或事, 谓语动词用复数。 What he said and what he did have greatly encouraged the other students. 2. and 连接的两个名词指同一个人或物时, 谓语动词用单数。 The famous writer and poet has given a talk twice a day. 3. 由no…and no … , each…and each … , every … and every …,many a … and many a … 等构成复合主语时 , 谓语动词用单数。 Every boy and every girl has the right to get education. Many a desk and many a chair has been taken out of the classroom. 4. 两个单数名词用and 并列表示一个概念或是不可分割的整体做主语, 位于用单数。常见的此类短语有 war and peace , iron and steel , a needle and threat , bread and butter ,a cart and horse 等。 egg and rice is her usual breakfast. 5. 主语后面带有as well as, rather than, like, but, expect, besides, with, together with, along with, including, in addition to, as much as, more than, 等词连接的名词, 根据语法一致的原则, 谓语动词根据这些词前的主语来确定动词的形式。 The professor together with a number of students was doing experiments in chemistry in the lab at that time. 二、临近性原则 1. 由连词or, either…or, neither…nor, whether…or, not only…but also, not…but 等连接主语, 谓语动词与最靠近的主语保持一致。 如：Was he or you in the next room just now? 2. 谓语动词与介词后面的名词的数一致。 1） all of ; most of ; a lot of ; some of ; half of ; the rest of ; plenty of ; part of ; two-third of 等加名词做主语时, 谓语动词根据名词的数而定。 如：The rest of the boys were out. All of the work has been done. 2） none of ; neither of 接名词有时做复数看待, 有时作单数看待, 主要取决于说话人的意思。如：None of them has arrived yet at the settlement. None of them have arrived yet. 3）“one of + 复数名词”后的定语从句谓语用复数。而 “the /only one of +复数名词”后的定语从句位于动词用单数。 如：He is the only one of the students who has been to Shanghai. He is one of the students who have been to Shanghai. 4） many / few / quiet a few / a good many / a large number of / millions of 连接复数名词时谓语动词用复数。 如：A great number of scientists invited are present at the conference. 5） much / little / quite a little / a great deal of / a bit of + 不可数名词+单数谓语。 如：Ther