高一英语人教版必修4课件：5.2Grammar.pptxVIP

语法指南构词法在英语中,词的构成方式主要有三种:合成、派生和转化。合成法是指由两个或更多的词合成一个词,有的用连词符号“-”连接,有的直接连写在一起,还有的由分开的两个词构成。如:go-between,face-to-face,handwriting,barefoot,sleeping pill等。派生法是指在一个词根上加前缀或后缀构成另一个新词。如:dislike,unimportant,harmful等。转化法是指由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性。如:Please hand me a cup of tea.He is studying in his study.语法指南1.合成法(1)合成名词语法指南(2)合成形容词 语法指南(3)合成动词 语法指南2.派生法(1)前缀 语法指南语法指南语法指南语法指南(2)后缀 语法指南语法指南语法指南语法指南3.转化法由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性,如:(1)动词→名词①这类名词常和一个动词构成短语,表示一个动作,意思没有太大的变化,如:We stopped there for a swim.I like a quiet read after supper.②有些动词转化为名词时,有时意思有一定的变化,如:He was almost the same build (体形) as his brother.Women have an equal say (发言权) in everything.(2)名词→动词①表示物品的名词可用做动词来表示动作,如:We have mapped out a plan of the campaign.The speaker pictured the suffering of the poor.语法指南②表示身体部位的名词可用做动词,如:She’s always nosing into other people’s business.Please hand in your exercise books after class.③表示某类人的名词用做动词,如:What’s the use of trying to fool me that way?She nursed me day and night for three weeks.④一些表示实物的名词也可用做动词,如:Many villagers volunteered to house the flood victims.They must try to bridge the generation gap between them.⑤一些抽象名词用做动词,如:You timed your arrival cleverly.语法指南(3)有些形容词也可以转化为动词,如:The train slowed down to half its speed.The crowd thinned after the parade was over.(4)也有些形容词可用做名词,如:You’re a dear to help me do the work.Many of the nobles joined the uprising.(5)还有其他的一些转化情况,如:She was asked to give a repeat performance.(动→形)They held a fancy dress ball.(名→形)They began to march north.(名→副)Section Ⅱ　Grammar构成方式例词名词+名词woman doctor女医生;spaceship宇宙飞船;flowerbed花坛形容词+名词blackboard黑板;supermarket超市名词+动词daybreak破晓;sunrise日出v.-ing形式+名词reading room阅览室;dining room餐厅;walking stick拐杖名词+v.-ing形式horse riding 骑马;dressmaking裁缝;handwriting书法动词+名词pickpocket扒手;breakwater防波堤其他形式get-together 聚会;go-between中间人;take-off起飞;passer-by过路人构成方式例词形容词/数词+名词+-edone-eyed一只眼的;warm-hearted热心的名词+v.-ing/v.-ed形式peace-loving 热爱和平的;man-made人工制作的;snow-covered被雪覆盖的名词+形容词ice-cold冰冷的;grass-green草绿的;world-famous 世界著名的形容词/数词+名词full-time全日制的;part-time业余的,兼职的