第五章b受体课件.pptVIP

* Chapter5 　　Introduction to efferent nervous 　　　　　system pharmacology 传出神经系统药理概论 药理教研室　 Efferent nerve and reflex arc carry impulses towards the CNS carry impulses away from the CNS 一、Classification of efferent nervous system 按解剖学(anatomy)分类 按递质(transmitter)分类 传出神经 运动神经 植物神经 　交感神经 副交感神经 (一)according to the anatomy efferent nerve somatic nerve autonomic nerve sympathetic nerve parasympathetic nerve (二)according to the transmitter 1921年　Loewi 双蛙心灌流实验证实了递质的存在 Cholinergic Fibers 1.all preganglionic(节前) efferent autonomic fibers 2. all parasympathetic postganglionic fibers. 3.A few sympathetic postganglionic fibers that innervate to sweat gland and skeletal muscle vascular dilating nerves. 4. the somatic motor fibers to skeletal muscle Adrenergic fibers most postganglionic sympathetic fibers release acetylcholine release norepinephrine p36 CNS efferent nerve effector 乙酰胆碱 ACh 去甲肾上腺素 NA parasympathetic nerve sympathetic nerve somatic nerve heart smooth muscle eye gland skeletal muscle 其他: 多巴胺能N 5－HT能N 肽能N等 局部发挥调节作用 二、transmitters （一）突触的超微结构 (二)递质的合成、贮存、释放、消除 　synthesis、storage、release、elimination of Ach synthesis storage release elimination Choline +acetyl-CoA 　　 acetylcholine (Ach) 　胆碱　乙酰CoA　 乙酰胆碱 Vesicles 囊泡 Exocytosis 胞裂外排 Acetycholinesterase （chE） 胆碱酯酶 Ach 　　　　 choline+aceticd Quantal release 量子化释放 synthesis、storage、release、elimination of NA Synthesis storage release elimination vesicles 囊泡 exocytosis 胞裂外排 quantal release量子化释放 uptake（main） COMT 儿茶酚氧位甲基转移酶 MAO 单胺氧化酶 destroy by enzyme Uptake 1 摄取－贮存型　神经组织(75~90%) Uptake 2 摄取－代谢型　非神经组织 Tyrosine 酪氨酸 Dopa 多巴 Dopamine 多巴胺 Norepinephrine 去甲肾上腺素 三、 Receptor （一）Classification,distribution and effect of receptor M-R: heart：force? HR ? conduction velocity (传导速度) ? smooth muscle: constriction(收缩) eye：miosis缩瞳、cyclospasm调节痉挛、 decrease intraocular pre