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研究与技术 自动蚕茧切削辅助装备的研究及设计 徐国庆1，卢 腊1，李 扬1，赵志雄1，杨 岩1,2 (1.重庆理工大学 机械工程学院，重庆 400054；2.汽车零部件先进制造技术教育部重点实验室，重庆 400054) 摘要：针对目前人工切削蚕茧所需劳动力大，效率低的缺点，结合不同种类蚕茧的形态物理特征及蚕茧切削的相关要求，提出了一款能够完成蚕茧切口任务的自动化蚕茧切削装备，包括机械部分和自动控制系统。该机械能够实现蚕茧的黏结分离、运输、夹持固定和自动剪切等步骤，有效地完成蚕茧的切削任务。文章就整机的控制调速系统进行了描述，对切削过程建立了数学模型，确立了夹持装置与切削装置的速度关系，为系统速度控制最优化提供了理论依据，并通过实验验证了整体装备的成功率和效率。 关键词：蚕茧；自动剪切；结构设计；控制系统；速度匹配 中图分类号：TS142.221.1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1001-7003(2017)00-0000-00 引用页码：011105 收稿日期：2016-07-30；修回日期：2016-11-30 基金项目：重庆市重点产业共性关键技术创新专项(cstc2015zdcy-ztzx80005) 作者简介：徐国庆(1991—)，男，硕士研究生，研究方向为智能农业机械设计与研究。通信作者：杨岩，教授，yangyan@cqut.edu.cn。 The research and design of automatic cocoon cutting equipment XU Guoqing1, LU La1, LI Yang1, ZHAO Zhixiong1, YANG Yan1,2 (1.College of Mechanical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China; 2.Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology for Automobile Parts of Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400054, China) Abstract: Manual cocoon cutting has s high labor cost and low efficiency. Thus, the automatic cocoon cutting equipment was developed by combining form physical characteristics of different kinds of cocoons and cocoon cutting requirements. The equipment consists of mechanical components and automatic control system. The process of separation, transportation, clamping and cutting for cocoons can be successfully achieved by this machine. It can effectively complete cocoon cutting task. The speed regulating system of this machine was discussed in this paper and the mathematical model of cutting process was established. The mathematical model not only determined the speed relationship between clamping device and cutting device, but also provided the theoretical basis for optimization of speed control. The success rate and efficiency of this machine were verified by experiments. Key words: cocoon; automatic cutting; structure design; control system; speed matching 中国蚕业生产遍及全国28个省(自治区、直辖市)的1 300个县，至2014年底，全国桑园面积82.8万hm2 (1 242万亩)，桑蚕茧发种量1 626万张，桑