语料库研究基本方法.pptVIP

语料库研究基本方法 中国外语教育研究中心 梁茂成 * * * * * * * 3 2 1 主要内容 语料库语言学的性质 几个常用术语 语料库研究的基本方法 语料库语言学的性质 1 理性主义与经验主义 Rationalism: I think therefore I am. Empiricism: My mind is a ‘blank slate’. Seeing is believing. 语料库语言学的性质 1 the Wax Argument: He considers a piece of wax; his senses inform him that it has certain characteristics, such as shape, texture, size, color, smell, and so forth. When he brings the wax towards a flame, these characteristics change completely. However, it seems that it is still the same thing: it is still a piece of wax, even though the data of the senses inform him that all of its characteristics are different. 语料库语言学的性质 the Wax Argument: Therefore, in order to properly grasp the nature of the wax, he cannot use the senses. He must use his mind. Descartes concludes: “ And so something which I thought I was seeing with my eyes is in fact grasped solely by the faculty of judgment which is in my mind. 1 语料库语言学的性质 Empiricism: Empiricism emphasizes those aspects of scientific knowledge that are closely related to evidence, especially as discovered in experiments. It is a fundamental part of the scientific method that all hypotheses and theories must be tested against observations of the natural world, rather than resting solely on reasoning and intuition. 1 语料库语言学的性质 Science is considered to be methodologically empirical in nature. Corpus linguistics is empirical in nature. 1 语料库语言学的性质 语言研究中的数据类型 内省数据（introspective data）: rationalism 实验数据（experimental data）: empiricism 真实数据（anthentic data）: empricism 1 语料库语言学的性质 语料库语言学提倡真实数据 我们不排斥其他数据类型 1 语料库语言学的性质 即便在语料库语言学阵营之中 Corpus-driven: minimum theory-reliance. Exclusive reliance on corpus data for all theories Corpus-based: Reliance on corpus data for hypothesis-testing Corpus-referenced/informed: Occasionally resorting to corpus data for illustrations 1 语料库语言学的性质 我们坚决反对不顾语言事实的任何论断 No introspection can claim credence without verification through real language data (Teubert 2005). 1 几个常用术语 2 Corpus Corpus linguis