生理-第二章-细胞的基本功能幻灯片.pptVIP

? Local response threshold potential * Local response Definition Characteristics: Gradational, electrotonic propagation, summation (spatial temporal ~) * Threshold potential——firing level Definition * Initiation of action potential Threshold stimulus or Several subthreshold stimuli?depolarization?firing level T Local response Local response and its contribution to AP ? Conduction of action potential Mechanism: local current Characteristics: In both directions * Along an unmyelinated fiber * Along a myelinated fiber Saltatory conduction faster than that along an unmyrlinated fiber Energy-sparing principle Conduction of AP along an unmyelinated fiber Conduction of AP along an myelinated fiber § 4. Contraction of skeletal muscle ? Neuromuscular transmission * Structure of neuromuscular junction * Process of neuromuscular transmission APs of somatic efferent nerve reach the terminal?voltage gated Ca2+ channels open ?Ca2+ enter the terminal?AChs quantal release, get across the cleft and then bond the N type ACh gated channels?channels open, more Na+ enter fewer K+ outflow the muscle cell?endplate potential?APs Neuromuscular transmission * Chapter 2 § 1. The cell membrane its transport ? Fluid mosaic model ? Transport across cell membrane * Simple diffusion * Facilitated diffusion * Active transport * Secondary active transport * Exocytosis endocytosis BASIC FUNCTIONS OF THE CELL Fluid mosaic model of membrane * Simple diffusion its energy source O2, CO2, NH3, NO, etc. * Facilitated diffusion its characteristics Facilitated diffusion via ion channel Chemically gated channel Voltage-gated channel Mechanically gated channel Na+, K+, Ca2+, Cl? channel Facil