专业英语tip.doc

子学科解释 computer graphics、computational complexity theory、programming language theory、human-computer interaction、Theory of Computation、Algorithms and Data Structures、Programming Methodology and Languages 、Computer Elements and Architecture 、Software Engineering、Artificial Intelligence 、 Computer Networking and Communication 、Database Systems 、Parallel Computation 、Distributed Computation 、Computer-human Interaction、Computer Graphics、Operating Systems 、Numerical and Symbolic Computation 1. Computer science (or computing science) is the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation, and of practical techniques for their implementation and application in computer systems. It is frequently described as the systematic study of algorithmic processes that describe and transform information. 2. An Operating System is an interface between hardware and user which is responsible for the management and coordination of activities and the sharing of the resources of the computer that acts as a host for computing applications run on the machine. 3.Computer networking is the engineering discipline concerned with communication between computer systems or devices. Networking, routers, routing protocols, and networking over the public Internet have their specifications defined in documents called RFCs. Computer networking is sometimes considered a sub-discipline of telecommunications, computer science, information technology and/or computer engineering. 4. Computer security is a branch of technology known as information security as applied to computers and networks. The objective of computer security includes protection of information and property from theft, corruption, or natural disaster, while allowing the information and property to remain accessible and productive to its intended users. 5. Computer graphics are graphics created using computers and, more generally, the representation and manipulation of pictorial data by a computer. 6. A database is an integ