KD1060型货车设计（转向及前桥设计）【毕业论文+CAD图纸全套】.doc

KD1060型货车设计（转向及前桥设计） 摘 要 汽车在行驶过程中，需要经常改变行驶方向，这就需要有一套能够按照司机意志来改变或恢复汽车行驶方向的专设机构，它将司机转动方向盘的动作转变为车轮的偏转动作，这就是所谓的转向系统。转向性能是保证车辆安全，减轻驾驶员劳动强度和提高作业效率的重要因素。由于转向系统是汽车的重要组成部分，它直接与汽车的行驶稳定性有重要的关系，与前悬架和车轮关系亦十分密切，故转向系统的设计也是整车设计中的关键一环。 本设计为KD1060型载货汽车的转向系统设计，转向系统设计内容主要包括转向系统形式的选择、转向器的选择、转向梯形的选择及其布置。 在本次设计中采用了机械式转向系统，机械式转向系统的特点是重量轻,结构紧凑,布置方便,维修容易,操纵轻便,稳定性好,成本低廉，不易出现直线行驶时的蛇形现象。机械式转向系统还具有维修方便，容易安装调整的优点。转向系统的转向器选用的是整体式循环球转向器, 整体式循环球转向器的特点是可以将传递力矩机构之间的滑动摩擦转变为滚动摩擦,这就使得转向传动效率提高,使用寿命增长,传动比可以改变,转向工作平稳可靠。转向传动机构选用整体式梯形,这样有利于保证KD1060型汽车在车轮转动时作无滑动的纯滚动运动,并且机构简单, 容易调整前轮前束。 在说明书的计算部分，对转向器和转向梯形主要参数选择进行了计算。此外，还校核了主要零件的强度。 关键词：转向系统,机械转向,前桥,转向器 KD1060 GOODS VEHICLE DESIGN (STEERING SYSTEM AND THE FRONT AXLE) ABSTRACT The automobiles often need to change the direction in driving, then a particular set of device which can change or recover the automobile’s running route according to the driver’s will is needed. The device changing the action that the driver turns to move the steering wheel to the action of deflection of carriage wheels is called as steering system. The function of changing direction is to guarantee the vehicle’s safety, relieve the intension of labor and raise working efficiency. The steering system is important component of an automobile. It plays an important role on the driving stability of the automobile. And it also has close relationship with the front suspension and wheel tire components, so the design of the steering system is a key link in designing automobile. The aim of this project is to design the steering system for KD1060 goods vehicle. The main job of designing steering system includes determining the kind of steering system, steering gear and the steering trapezoid and figure out how to fix them. Manual steering system is adopted in this project. Manual steering system’s features are: weight light, tightly packed structure, convenient arrangements, easy manipulation, stabile quality, low cost. And the s form phenomenon seldom emerges in straightaway traveling