结构主义与叙事学.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Propp Greimas (1) Propps seven spheres of action‘? Greimas’s three pairs of binary oppositions, including: six roles (actants) Subject/Object, 主／客 2. Sender/ Receiver 送／收 3. Helper/Opponent- 助／反 and three basic patterns: 1. 欲求 Wanting (Desire, search, or aim), 2. 交流 Exchange (communication) 3. 違逆 Contradiction (Auxiliary support or hindrance). Propp Greimas (2) Propp‘s 31 功能? further abstracted into Greimas’s 3 結構; for example: Propp: “One member of a family either lacks something or desires to have something.” 家庭成員之一有需求或是缺乏。 Disequilibrium contract broken, disjunction or Performative (out for a task) (合約打破、離去、執行） A. J. Greimas’s 普世文法 three pairs of actants: Helper/Opponent, Sender/Receiver, Subject/Object three basic patterns of action (or syntagm): contractive (breaking/setting contract, alienation, reintegration ), disjunctive (departure, arrival), and performative (trial, task). ? 顯示人類思考的深層結構 deep semantic structure of human thinking and narrative. 符號學方塊“ the semiotic rectangle” 兩種對立： 否定和矛盾 出處 符號學方塊the semiotic rectangle” 基本的表意結構：二元對立和其否定 A - A (異性婚姻) (通姦) - B B 矛盾 直接否定 (e.g近親通婚、同性戀) (e.g. incest taboo/homophobia) 為 前 提 符號學方塊the semiotic rectangle” 基本的表意結構：二元對立和其否定 A - A (異性婚姻) (通姦) - B B 矛盾 直接否定 (e.g近親通婚、同性戀) (e.g.近親通婚禁忌與 同性戀恐懼) 為 前 提 the semiotic rectangle” elementary structure of signification a binary opposition their negation A - A (異性婚姻) (通姦) - B B (e.g.近親通婚、同性戀) (e.g近親通婚禁忌與 同性戀恐懼)) Pre-supposition 離婚取消對立 為柏拉圖式愛情複雜化 符號學方塊: 悲慘世界 基本的表意結構：二元對立和其否定 A - A (脫離保釋的罪犯) (警察) - B