Unit 5 The Power of nature Period 3　Grammar Writing 课件（人教版选修6，课标通用）.ppt

重点语法精析 解码书面表达 Unit 5 The Power of nature Period 3　Grammar Writing 课件（人教版选修6，课标通用） 现在分词作状语 一、形式和意义 形式 意　义 doing 与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，与谓语动作同时发生或基本上同时发生。 being done 与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且与谓语动作同时发生。 having done 与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，先于谓语动作发生。 having been done 与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且先于谓语动作发生。 Being ill，he was sent to hospital. 由于生病，他被送往医院。 Having lived in the city for ten years, he got tired of the noisy life.在城市里住了十年后，他厌倦了这种喧闹的生活。 Having been told many times, he still couldnt understand it. 已给他讲了许多遍，但他还是不理解它。 二、用法 现在分词或现在分词短语可以用作状语，修饰句子中的谓语动词。表示动作发生的时间、原因、结果、条件、方式或伴随情况，通常相当于一个状语从句或并列句。 1．表示时间，作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句 Walking along the street(While I was walking along the street)，I met my old classmate. 我在街上走的时候碰到了老同学。 Turning on the light (When he turned on the light), he was surprised to see his son lying on the floor. 他打开灯，惊讶地看见儿子躺在地上。 Entering the office( ＝As soon as I entered the office)，I picked up the telephone and called Bob. 我一走进办公室，就拿起电话给鲍勃打电话。 when/while＋v.-ing形式强调其表示的动作和谓语动词动作同时发生。 Look out for cars when (you are) crossing the street. 过街时注意车辆。 Dont reach sideways while ( you are) standing on a ladder. 站在梯子上时，不要侧着身子伸手去拿东西。 2．表示原因，作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。 Being too young(＝As he was too young)，he couldnt join the army.因为太年幼，他不能参军。 Not knowing how to get there( ＝ As I did not know how to get there)，I had to ask the way. 因为不知道如何到那里，我只得问路。 3．表示条件，作条件状语，相当于条件状语从句 Driving too fast( ＝If you drive too fast), you will damage the car.如果你开车太快，你会把车子弄坏的。 Having more time( ＝ If I have more time)，I will do the work much better. 如果我有更多时间，我会把工作做得更好。 【温馨提示】 表示条件时主要句子中的谓语动词往往要用将来时或带有情态动词。 4．作伴随状语。现在分词所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的。这种用法没有相应的状语从句可以代替，但可以用并列复合句或两个简单句代替。 Thousands of students stood there, watching. ＝Thousands of students stood there and watched. 成千上万的学生站在那儿观看着。 (习惯上stand，sit，lie等表示主要行为，须作谓语动词。应说stand watching, sit thinking, lie reading等，不宜说watch standing, think sitting, read lying等) They came into the classroom, singing and laughing. ＝They sang and laughed, and came into the classroom. 他们又