【高考复习指导】2015届高考英语专题复习课堂讲义----第二部分 阅读精讲 第五讲　推理判断题.docVIP

第五讲　推理判断题 1. 通过对写作目的或意图的推理判断的考查要求学生透过文章中所提供的基2. 要求学生既能懂得独立句子的意义又能了解句群之间的逻辑关系并通过一定的推理判断结合常识及社会生活经验从而最终领会文章写作目的或意图所隐含的意思。 1. 首先要抓住文章的主题和细节整合与题目有关的有效信息分析文章的结构根据上下文的内在联系挖掘文章的深层含义。在进行推理时需仔细阅读文章不能脱离原文而凭借个人的看法或主观臆断来取代作者的观点。2. 其次对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机事件中的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图要进行合乎逻辑的分析、推理、判断抓住材料实质性的东西。在解此类题目时常见的错误类型有：(1) 主观臆断代替合理的判断推理。此类题目的正确答案往往无法从文中直接找到但文中一般会提供支持此推理判断的依据所以脱离文章的主题、具体的语境来进行写作目的或意图的判断最易导致主观臆断。(2) 以事实代替推理。推理要求选项不能是文中明明白白展示的观点或细节这是文章提供的事实推理只能是隐含的通过思维整理得出的深层内3) 推断不合理。依据材料所给的内容来推理判断是解题的一大关键但有些学生因对文章分析不透结果逻辑推理不合理从而导致错误。(4) 以自己的观点代替作者的观点。 (2014·江苏卷)However wealthy we may be, find enough hours in the day to do everything we want. Economics deals with this problem through the concept of opportunity cost, which simply refers to whether someones time or money could be better spent on something else. Every hour of our time has a value. For every hour we work at one job we could quite easily be doing another, or be sleeping or watching a film. Each of these options has a different opportunity cost梟amely, what they cost us in missed opportunities. Say you intend to watch a football match but the tickets are expensive and it will take you a couple of hours to get to and from the stadium. Why not, you might reason, watch the game from home and use the _leftover money and _time to have dinner with friends? This—the alternative use of your cash and time—is the opportunity cost. For economists, every decision is made by knowledge of what one must forgo梚n terms of money and enjoyment梚n order to take it up. By knowing precisely what you are receiving and what you are missing out on, you ought to be able to make better－informed, theres no such thing as a free lunch. Even if someone offers to take you out to lunch for free, the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you something in terms of forgone opportunities. Some people find the idea of opportunity cost extremely discouraging: imagine spending your entire life calculating whether your time would be better spent elsewh