2015届高考英语二轮语法专题复习讲义：现在分词.docVIP

核心知识 现在分词（Present Participle）(又称-ing形式、现在进行式) 一、构成形式 　　doing　 现在分词表示主动的或进行的动作。 二、.时态与语态 三、句中所作成分---定语　状语　补语　表语　 1. 作定语 现在分词作定语，表示正在进行的或主动的动作。也可以说明被修饰词的性质和特征，此时可换成相应的定语从句。例如： 注意：分词的完成时不可作定语。 2. 作宾语补语 　　只有两类动词可以加现在分词作宾补　 　值得注意的是：要想用现在分词来作宾补，只能是用于这些词后，但是并不代表这 些动词后的宾补形式都要用现在分词（有些后面可以加不带to的不定式作宾补）。 如： 　　I saw him singing now. 　　Don’t have the students studying all day. 注意：宾语与作宾补的现在分词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即宾语是现在分词动作的发出者。 3. 作表语 　　 The story is interesting. The match is exciting. 注意：表动作的现在分词不能作表语，例如：上面例子的变形A boy is running. 这不是主系表而是主谓（其中助动词is与现在分词running和起来作谓语）。 4．作状语 现在分词作状语时，表示正在进行的或主动的动作。此时分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语，因此要注意人称、时态和语态的一致性。 　 　　3）作原因状语 　 Being ill, she stayed at home. 　　4）作让步状语 [来源:学|科|网Z|X|X|K] 　　 Having failed many times, he didn’t lost heart. 　　5）作结果状语 　 His friend died, leaving him a lot of money, [来源:学.科.网Z.X.X.K] 6）作方式状语 Please answer the question using another way. 　　7）作伴随状语 He is standing there, singing. 四、现在分词的独立主格结构作状语 　　① With his lips still trembling, he couldn’t say a word. ② “Mama!” he cried suddenly, tears rolling down his cheeks. ③ Weather permitting, we’ll go to the Great wall. 经典例题 1. The picture _________ on the wall is painted by my nephew. A. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung ［标准答案］B。 ［试题分析］本题考查现在分词作定语的用法。根据句意“墙上挂的那幅画是我侄子画的”，可知空白处所填的动词形式在句中作定语，表说话时仍在进行的动作或所处的状态。 2. “We can’t go out in this weather,” said Bob, out of the window. A. looking B. to look C. looked D. having looked 3. _______from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants animals not found in any other country in the world. (2005 湖北卷) A. Being separated B. Having separated C. Having been separated D. To be separated 前日回顾 1. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only the film stars had left. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told 2.—How do you like the house? ?—It’s wonderful. I’ve never dreamed of ____such