药用植物当归早期抽薹研究进展.doc

药用植物当归早期抽薹研究进展 　　摘要 早期抽薹已经成为严重制约当归药材生产的关键问题之一。早期抽薹不仅降低药材产量，对药材品质也有严重影响。综述了当归早期抽薹的概念、发生机制、对药材的影响及防治措施等。导致当归早期抽薹的主要机制包括遗传因子、生境因子、营养物质、栽植密度、施肥等栽培措施。生产中优选良种、温室育苗、控制苗龄、低温贮藏、合理密植等农艺措施均可有效控制当归早期抽薹。研究当归早期抽薹发生的机理机制、调控基因、春花基因、选育耐抽薹品种，对于实现当归优质、高效、稳产、高产具有十分重要的实践意义和科学意义。 　　关键词 药用植物；当归；早期抽薹；研究进展 　　中图分类号 S567.23 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2016）20-0052-02 　　Research Progress of Early Bolting of Angelica sinensis 　　WANG Yi-cun LI Guo-ye PAN Shui-zhan 　　（Longnan Institue of Agricultural Science in Gansu Province， Longnan Gansu 746005） 　　Abstract The early bolting has become one of the key issues affecting the Angelica sinensis herbs production.The early bolting does not only reduce herbs production，but also affect the active ingredients of plants.The concept of early bolting，physiological theory，induce factors of the quality of medicine and control technology about the early bolting of Angelica sinensis were integrative reviewed in the paper.Its occurrence mechanism include genetic factors，environmental and ecological factors，nutrients，planting density，fertilizer and other productiong management measures. For the above occurring mechanism，the proposed prevention measures as follows： preferably good variety，greenhouse seedling，control graft union，cold storage，reasonable planting density and other agronomic measures can reduce its bolting rate.A deep understanding of the mechanism of early bolting，vernalization gene，gene regulation of flowering early bolting，select bolting tolerance variety has very important practical significance and scientific significance for Angelica sinensis high quality，high efficiency，stable yield and high yield. 　　Key words medical plants；Angelica sinensis；early bolting；research progress 　　当归（Angelica Sinensis Diels）为伞形科（Umbe-lliferae）当归属多年生草本植物，喜冷凉阴湿。始载于《神农本草金》，以干燥根入药，性温、味甘、辛，具有补血、活血、调经、润燥滑肠之功效，为临床常用药[1]。此外，当归还广泛应用于保健品、化妆品、饮料、酒等制造原料中。全国有90%左右的当归产自甘肃[2]。当归生产上普遍存在早抽薹问题，早抽薹严重制约了产量潜力的发挥，对药材品质亦有较大的影响[3]。该问题不仅在当归上有，在其他家植药材如白芷、羌活等伞形科药用植物中普遍存在。因此，揭示当归早期抽薹的机