轻型木结构轻木构件综述.ppt

加拿大木业协会设计师培训班第一阶段 – 轻型木结构Canada Wood Level 1 - Wood-Frame Construction 构件设计 Framing Components Herbert Otto B. Arch., MRAIC 轻型木结构房屋使用不同的木产品A Variety of Wood Products are Used to Frame a House 木基结构材 Wood Based Building Materials 规格材 Dimensioned framing lumber 轻型木结构使用标准的规格材（软木） Standard dimension softwood lumber used in wood-frame construction 名义尺寸 Nominal dimensions 2x2, 2x3, 2x4, 2x6, 2x8,2x10,2x12 实际尺寸 Actual dimensions 1 ?”x 1 ?” (38mm x 38mm) 1 ?”x 2 ?” (38mm x 64mm) 1 ? ”x 3 ?” (38mm x 89mm) 1 ? ”x 5 ?” (38mm x 140mm) 1 ? ”x 7 ? ” (38mm x 184mm) 1 ? ”x 9 ? ” (38mm x 235mm) 1 ? ”x 11 ? ” (38mm x 235mm) 长度 Lengths 从2.4m到7.3m，每级增加600mm Increments of 2 feet (600mm) from 8 ft (2.4 m) to 24 ft (7.3 m) 木基结构材 Wood Based Building Materials 板材 Boards 标准尺寸的软木板材 Standard sizes of softwood lumber boards 名义尺寸 Nominal dimensions 1x2 1x3 1x4 1x6 1x8 实际尺寸 Actual dimensions ?” x 1 ?” (19mm x 38mm) ?” x 2 ?” (19mm x 64mm) ?” x 3 ?” (19mm x 89mm) ?” x 5 ?” (19mm x 140mm) ?” x 7 ? ” (19mm x 184mm) 框架用木材 Framing Lumber 用于轻型木结构的软木树种 Species of softwood lumber used in wood frame construction 花旗松 Douglas Fir 西部落叶松 Western Larch 西部铁杉 Western Hemlock 云杉 Spruce 松 Pine 冷衫 Fir 材性接近的树种放在一起使用 Species with similar characteristics given commercial group designations 云杉-松-冷杉 Spruce–Pine–Fir S-P-F 花旗松-落叶松 Douglas Fir-Larch D. Fir-L 铁杉-冷杉 Hemlock-Fir Hem-Fir 指接材 Finger Jointed Lumber 较短的材料，如38x89 和 38x140指接在一起形成较长的材料 Short lengths of 38x89 and 38x140 (2x4 and 2x6) joined to form longer pieces. 用于墙骨柱 Used for studs 没有翘曲 Does not warp 材料利用率高 Efficient use of materials 规格材分等 Grading Lumber 加拿大的规格材有目测分等和机械分等(MSR) Lumber in Canada visually graded or machine stress rated (MSR) 分等依据 Select structural 高强度 Highest strength 良好的外观 Best appearance 一等 Number 1 和上述分等依据相似，但允许出现更大的结疤 Similar to select structural but larger knots 二等 Number 2 和一等的强度分等相似，但外观稍差 Similar strength to number 1 but not as good visual appearance 三等 Number