Measuring Magnetic Fields of Neutron Stars中子星的磁场测量.pptVIP

Observation of Neutron Stars Topics with NSs Birth and Death of Stars Mass-Radius Relations of Stars Synthesis of Carbon White Dwarfs (1) White Dwarfs (2) Neutron Stars The King of NSs -- the Crab pulsar How To Measure the NS Mass How To Measure the NS Radius Atmospheric Transparency for EM Waves Japanese X-ray Satellites Suzaku Launch Enigmatic Hard X-rays from AXPs Diagnosing Accretion Column Strongly-Correlated Many-Body Systems Kazuo Makishima Department of Physics, University of Tokyo maxima@phys.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp Let’s enjoy physics…. Superfluid states, vorrtex strings Nuclear Pastas -- Dr. Sonoda Pion condensations in the central regions QGP, quark matter -- Prof.G. Baym The origin of strong magnetic fields … ブラックホール Initial Mas (M◎) 1 0-3 0.01 0.1 1 1 0-４ 10 Brown Dwarft Time Protostars Coulomb repulsion Main Seq.Stars Red Giants White Dwarfs e-degeneracy N.S. Black Holes Nucleon degeneracy Supernova H-fusion Final Mas (M◎) 10-3 0.01 0.1 1 10-４ 10 Planets classical gas pressure 0.01 0.1 1 0.001 Jupiter Saturn Neptune Uranus Mass M (M◎) White dwarfs Brown dwarfs Radius R (R◎) 1 0-3 0.01 0.1 1 1 0-４ Main Seq.Stars Planets evolution Grav.contraction Nucleons/Electrons=2.0 (He, C, O, ,,) Nucleons/Electrons=1.2 (H+He) Chandrasekhar limit (M◎) R ∝ M1/3 A dying star with a white dwarf forming at its core Optical (Hubble Sp.Telescope.) 106 R◎ C/O ratio is ~90 times enhanced than the average cosmic matter Direct evidence of He→ C fusion 0.3 0.5 1.0 1.5 Energy (keV) C5+ O6+ O7+ Ne8+ wind He burning (3α→12C) H He C+O Suzaku soft X-ray spectrum (Murashima et al. 2006, ApJL) 13.6 eV×0.75×62 = 0.37 keV Fermi momentum Fermi energy (e-) Grav. Energy (p+) Virial theorem A star of which the gravity is counter-balanced by the electron degenerate pressure M=WD mass, R=WD radius, n=particle density “Gravitational fine structure constant” (by Prof. Y. Suto) Fermi momentum Fermi energy (e-) Grav. Energy (p+) Virial theorem If relativistic …