Next Generation Semantic Web Applications People下一代语义网应用人.pptVIP

Towards a new generation ofsemantic web applications Prof. Enrico Motta, PhDKnowledge Media InstituteThe Open UniversityMilton Keynes, UK The Semantic Web A large scale, heterogenous collection of formal, machine processable, web accessible, ontology-based statements (semantic metadata) about web resources and other entities in the world, expressed in a XML-based syntax The Semantic Web (pragmatic def.) The collection of all statements expressed in one of the following formalisms:{OWL, RDF, DAML, DAML+OIL, RDF-A…}, which can be accessed on the web Proposition #1 The SW today has already reached a level of scale good enough to make it a very useful source of knowledge to support intelligent applications This is unprecedented in the history of AI So, lets have a look at the semantic web as it is today…. Charting the web Charting the web (2) Proposition #2 The SW may well provide a solution to one of the classic AI challenges: how to construct and manage large volumes of knowledge to construct truly intelligent problem solvers and address the brittleness of traditional KBS Knowledge Representation Hypothesis Any mechanically embodied intelligent process will be comprised of structural ingredients that we as external observers naturally take to represent a propositional account of the knowledge that the overall process exhibits, and independent of such external semantic attribution, play a formal but causal and essential role in engendering the behaviour that manifests that knowledge Brian Smith, 1982 Intelligence as a function of possessing domain knowledge The Knowledge Acquisition Bottleneck SW as Enabler of Intelligent Behaviour KBS vs SW Systems Key Paradigm Shift Overall Goal So, how can we exploit this emerging, large scale semantic resource? Some examples…. Ontology Matching New paradigm: use of background knowledge External Source = One Ontology External Source = Web External Source = SW How to combine online ontologies to derive mappings?