Music An Appreciation by Roger Kamien音乐欣赏由Roger Kamien.pptVIP

Nonwestern Music Reflects/expresses world’s diversity Each culture has its music practice Some have all three—folk, pop, and classical These musics influence western music Especially true in the twentieth century French composer Claude Debussy British rocker George Harrison Jazz artist John Coltrane PART VII—NONWESTERN MUSIC Chapter 1: Music in Nonwestern Cultures Characteristics of Nonwestern Music It reflects its supporting culture Frequently linked with religion, dance and drama Often used to communicate messages and relate traditions Chapter 1 Oral Tradition Music notation far less important than in western culture Frequently transmitted by oral tradition Many cultures do not have a music notation When they do, it serves as a record, not for teaching or performance Chapter 1 Improvisation Improvisation is frequently basic to the music Improvisation usually based on traditional melodic phrases and rhythmic patterns Chapter 1 Voices Singing usually main way of making music Vocal approach, timbre, and techniques vary throughout the world Nasal sound Strained tone Throat singing Many others Chapter 1 Instruments Four types based upon sound production: Chordophones—stretched string Harp-type Aerophones—performer’s breath Flutes, trumpets, etc. Idiophones—instrument’s body is sound generator Bells, gongs, scrapers, rattles, etc. Membranophones—stretched skin Primarily drums Chapter 1 Style and application within culture causes particular types of instruments to dominate Idiophones/membranophones: rhythmic emphasis Aerophones aid in outdoor performance Geography and materials availability influences Strings allow great flexibility of pitch Religion also influences instrumentation Chapter 1 Melody, Rhythm, and Texture Most nonwestern musics are monophonic Some cultures use heterophony Sometimes accompanied by a drone All perform same melody with different ornamentation Chapter 1 Intervals between tones can be larger or smaller Much nonwestern music has very complex rhy