Normal Growth LSU Health Sciences Center New 正常生长大学健康科学中心的新.pptxVIP

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Normal Growth LSU Health Sciences Center New 正常生长大学健康科学中心的新.pptx

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Normal Growth LSU Health Sciences Center New 正常生长大学健康科学中心的新

Growth and development September Board Review 2012 Test Question What Board Review Topic should we do next? Allergy Immunology Adolescent Medicine and Gynecology Normal Growth Growth Affected by: Prenatal factors: Maternal nutrition and uterine size Genetic growth potential Nutrition throughout childhood Multiple hormones Growth, thyroid, insulin, sex hormones Despite all these factors, growth is predictable Carefully documented growth charts are powerful tool to measure health and well-being Growth Postnatal growth Healthy term infants lose 10% of their birth weight in the first days after birth Regain it back by 2-3 weeks of age Normal: Gain 20-30g/day for first 3 months This rapid phase of growth is influenced primarily by growth hormone (GH) and thyroid hormones Question #1 At what age to most healthy, term infants typically triple their birth weight? 6 months 12 months 18months 2 years 3 years Growth Milestones Birth weight triples by 1 year Birth length doubles by 3-4 years During puberty: sex hormones become significant factor Slight deceleration of growth just prior to puberty Followed by rapid acceleration of growth Males later than females Females BEFORE menarche Accurate Measurements Scales calibrated regularly Weigh in underwear or diaper Length/height should be measured supine in age 2 years Legs fully extended, head resting on unmovable board, moveable footboard Standing height for 2yrs Wall-mounted stadiometer If cannot stand: arm span is good substitute Growth Charts Growth charts from CDC or WHO Specific charts for special populations LBW and VLBW premies Trisomy 21, Turner, Klinefelter, achondroplasia Each child should be considered in terms of their genetic growth potential Estimate with mid-parental height Boys= [Father’s height(cm) + mother’s height(cm) +13]/2 Girls = [Father’s height(cm) + mother’s height(cm) -13]/2 Growth Charts Shifts across 2 or more percentile lines may indicate an abnormality in growth Shifts in the early life can