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Orckestra PrsentationModle Franaisorckestra 公关233自我介绍MOD和232法国231AIS
Parallel Extensions A glimpse into the parallel universe By Eric De Carufel Microsoft .NET Solution Architect at Orckestra eric.decarufel@ eric@ Agenda Introduction Overview Library Core TPL (Task Parallel Library) Parallel Linq (PLINQ) Parallel Data Structures Questions Introduction Why do we have to bother? Moore’s law is over, no more free lunch Multi cores systems will be more and more available Type of Parallelism Asynchronous operation (better user experience) Data parallelism Task parallelism Options Manual treading Thread, ThreadPool, BackgroundWorkerThread Asynchronous calls Event driven Problems Resource sharing Locking Non-deterministic sequence of execution Hard to debug Overview Task Parallel Library (TPL) Lightweight task framework (Task) Create(ActionT) factory method Wait, WaitAll, WaitAny to catch exception ContinueWith to chain Tasks together Lazy function call FutureT Task scheduler and manager TaskManager Parallel API Parallel Loops Parallel.For Parallel.ForEach Lazy Initialisation LazyInitT Locking SpinWait SpinLock CountdownEvent Parallel API Standard for loop for (int i = 0; i N; i++){ a[i] = Compute(i);} Parallel for loop Parallel.For(0, N, i ={ a[i] = Compute(i);}); Parallel Linq (PLINQ) Parallel Query AsParallel() Return to sequential execution AsSequential() Preserve order AsOrdered() Order doesn’t matter AsUnordered() Parallel Linq (PLINQ) var query = from c in Customers where c.Name = “Smith” select c; var query = from c in Customers.AsParallel() where c.Name = “Smith” select c; Parallel Data Structures IConcurrentCollection Add(T item) Remove(out T item) ConcurrentStack Push(T item) TryPop(out T item) ConcurrentQueue Enqueue(T item) TryDequeue(out T item) BlockingCollection Add(T item), Remove(out T item) TryAdd(T item), TryRemove(out T item) CLR Thread Pool: Work-Stealing Worker Thread 1 Worker Thread p Program Thread User Mode Scheduler For Tasks Global Queue Local Queue Local Queue Task 1 Task 2 T
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