PY432 Personality Traits Hans Eysenckpy432人格特质艾森克.pptVIP

Eysenck’s Trait Theory Hans Eysenck (1916-1998): ? Eysenck focused on normal and pathological populations. ? He felt that many traits are biologically based and were shaped by evolutionary forces (e.g., extraversion, neuroticism). ? He used factor analysis to identify traits. Hans J. Eysenck: Personality as Traits A. Eysenck believes that the most fundamental personality characteristics are largely inherited. B. Also, Eysenck believes that all behavior is learned--he advocates learning theory and the behavior therapies. C. Thus, Eysenck is something of an anomaly in “trait” personality psychology. Hans J. Eysenck: Personality as Traits Personality is “the sum-total of the actual or potential behavior-patterns of the organism, as determined by heredity and environment; it originates and develops through the functional interaction of the four main sectors into which these behavior-patterns are organized: the cognitive sector (intelligence), the conative sector (character), the affective sector (temperament), and the somatic sector (constitution).” Hans J. Eysenck: Personality as Traits For Eysenck, personality consists of acts and dispositions organized in a hierarchical fashion in terms of their level of generality. Eysenck = Hierarchy of Traits A. Specific Responses and Behaviors. B. Habits -- Cluster of Specific Behaviors (Gregariousness). C. Traits -- Collection of Related Habits (Friendliness). D. Superfactor / Type -- (Extraversion). 1. Eysenck generally studies this type of factor. 2. Proposes 3 Factor Model -- Big Three”: a. Well Replicated Factors. b. Bipolar Factors: Hi and Lo scores meaningful. Eysenck’s Hierarchy Eysencks Three Personality Factors: Extraversion (- Introversion). Neuroticism. Psychoticism. Eysencks Three Personality Factors: Extraversion - Introversion: Introversion: tendermindedness; introspectiveness; seriousness; performance interfered with by excitement; easily aroused but restrained, inh