SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY austincc社会学理论austincc.pptVIP

THE SOCIOLOGICALPERSPECTIVE THE SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE 2. SOCIOLOGY AS “DEBUNKING” 3.STUDY OF “PATTERNED BEHAVIORS” THAT MEET OUR SOCIAL NEEDS: 4. THE SOCIOLOGICAL IMAGINATION STRUCTURAL FUNCTIONAL THEORY SYMBOLIC INTERACTION THEORY * DARWIN SPENCER DURKHEIM WEBER MARX NIETZSCHE 1. DEFINITION OF SOCIOLOGY: THE SYSTEMATIC STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY AND SOCIAL INTERACTION WE LIVE IN GROUPS AND GROUPS AFFECT OUR LIVES THE FOCUS OF STUDY IS ON GROUPS RATHER THAN THE INDIVIDUAL USE SCIENTIFIC METHOD- BEYOND COMMONSENSE LOOK BEHIND THE APPARENT - UNMASKING REALITY LOOKING FOR NEW INTERPRETATIONS OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR PROVIDE GOODS AND SERVICES- ECONOMIC SYSTEM REGULATE SEX - THE FAMILY PASS ON OUR WAY OF LIFE-EDUCATION MAINTAIN ORDER- GOVERNMENT/LAW GIVE MEANING TO LIVE - RELIGION PERSONAL ISSUES SEEN IN SOCIAL CONTEXT SEE HOW SOCIAL STRUCTURES AFFECT OUR INDIVIDUAL LIVES 5. SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF REALITY WE DEFINE WHAT IS REAL WHO HAS THE POWER TO DEFINE REALITY SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY EMILE DURKHEIM KARL MARX MAX WEBER 1. EXAMINES HOW SOCIAL STRUCTURES FUNCTION TO MEET SOCIAL NEEDS 2. ASKS THE QUESTION: “WHAT STRUCTURES EXIST, AND ARE THEY FUNCTIONING PROPERLY?” ASSUMPTIONS 1. SOCIAL STRUCTURES COME BY CONSENSUS 2 SOCIETY LIKE ORGANISM WITH INTERACTING PARTS 3. STABILITY IS THE MAIN CRITERION 4. LATENT AND MANIFEST CONSEQUENCES SOCIAL STRUCTURES MAY BE DYSFUNCTIONAL SOCIAL STRUCTURES ADAPT TO CHANGING SOCIAL NEEDS EVALUATION OF FUNCTIONALIST VIEW: A STATIC AND CONSERVATIVE VIEW OF SOCIAL SYSTEMS TENDS TO SUPPORT THE STATUS QUO CONFLICT THEORY 1. GROUPS IN SOCIETY ARE IN CONSTANT STRUGGLE FOR CONTROL OF SCARCE RESOURCES 2. ASK THE QUESTION: “WHO BENEFITS?” 3. BASED ON MARX’S CLASS CONFLICT 4. INEQUALITIES ESTABLISHED BY THE DOMINATE CLASS KARL MARX 5. SOCIAL CHANGE COMES THROUGH CONFLICT AND REVOLUTION 6. EVALUATION: TOO CRITICAL OF EXISTING SOCIAL STRUCTURES DARWIN SPE