The Impact of a SuperGrid on the Existing Grid一个超级电网在现有电网的影响.pptVIP

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The Impact of a SuperGrid on the Existing Grid一个超级电网在现有电网的影响.ppt

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The Impact of a SuperGrid on the Existing Grid一个超级电网在现有电网的影响

The Impact of a SuperGrid on the Existing Grid Fernando L. AlvaradoThe University of WisconsinWorkshop on a National SuperGridNovember 8, 2002Palo Alto, California Historical Basis for Transmission The key questions What is a SuperGrid? How much transmission do we need? Why a “Super” Grid? Can’t “conventional” grid expansion be made to work? Won’t distributed generation do the job? Won’t proper price signals to generators do the job? How much will the SuperGrid cost? Who will pay for it and how? What will be the impact on markets? What technical problems will it solve/create? Will it solve the wrong problem? Will it create new problems? What is a SuperGrid? A high capacity transmission network “overlay” over the existing grid Interface to HV only / at the substation / to the home using new technology Superconducting HVDC, MVDC (50 kV range), or LVDC cables, or AC cables (DC lines and cables with new converters) (Compact overhead line designs) (Low capacitance AC cables) and grid-arranged for reliability reasons Flow control issues with DC grids! The “ideal” SuperGrid would never congest. would be invisible. would be lossless. would cost nothing. would solve all problems and would create no new problems. In other words it would be… an Interstate Highway system for electricity suitable for Interstate commerce How would the SuperGrid differ from the Interstate Highway system? Electricity is fungible It can be produced locally It does not have to be transported Goods and people are not as fungible When you use the highways to transport a grandmother, you must deliver the same grandmother at the other end (Shmuelism) The SuperGrid is only for electricity Highways carry food, people, goods, etc. The Internet carries voice, pictures, data, etc. An alternative analogy… A high capacity national Internet How is the SuperGrid different from the Internet? Ever shrinking component size is not a realistic option Miniaturization cannot be done to the same degree as for co