The Third World Near You The Challenge of Urban 第三世界靠近你的城市挑战.pptVIP

* * * HEREIN lie buried many things which if read with patience may show the strange meaning of being black here in the dawning of the Twentieth Century. This meaning is not without interest to you, Gentle Reader; for the problem of the Twentieth Century is the problem of the color-line. W.E.B. DuBois (1903) The Souls of Black Folk The Forethought Washington, DuBois, et al (1903) The Negro Problem: A Series of Articles by Representative Negroes of Today Gunnar Myrdal (1944) An American Dilemma: The Negro Problem in Modern Democracy Andrew Hacker (1995) Two Nations: Black and White, Separate, Hostile, Unequal Studs Terkel (1992) Race: How Blacks and Whites Think and Feel about the American Obsession West (1993) Race Matters Massey and Denton (1993) American Apartheid The Face of Disaster? Lives Disrupted Where to go? The Tip of the Iceberg Piles of debris St Louis, 2010 The New American Urban Landscape Detroit, 2011 Buffalo, 2010 South Bronx, 2011 Great Migrations - Economic and Social Reasons 1910 – 1940; 1940 - 1970 African Americans moving to industrial North from agricultural South Restrictive Housing Sections of Impoverished Housing Poverty Lacking Education Job Skills The Promised Land 1950 – 1970: Brown v Board of Education (1954) White Flight - Urban abandonment Erosion of tax base High social and economic inequality Health disparity Growing income disparity Growing Segregation The Chicago School Social Conditions Social Structure Poverty Unemployment Education Social Process Learning Opportunity Susceptibility Time Stable and Variant Predictors Multi-dimensional Risk Family School Peers Neighborhood Individual (Self) The Truly Disadvantaged Wilson (1987) (1997) The Truly Disadvantaged: The Inner City, The Underclass, and Public Policy When Work Disappears : The World of the New Urban Poor Inner city African American communities Departure of African American Middle Class Remaining population less skilled-