The “Big Stick” America the World19011917“大棒”美国amp世界19011917.pptVIP

Archduke Franz Ferdinand assassinated on June 28, 1914 (heir to A-H throne) Assassin, Gavrilo Princip, was a Serbian nationalist Many Serbians hoped to annex Bosnia Bosnia was part of A-H empire Germany Austria-Hungary attacked Serbia Serbia gained Russian support Germany declared war on Russia and France Britain declared war on Germany WWI was under way Wilson asked Americans to be “impartial in thought as well as deed” British propaganda made Germans look evil/barbaric Ignored German blockade continued to trade with Britain France Germans used submarine warfare, U-boats Enemy ships sunk on site Sinking of the British liner Lusitania 1,198 deaths, including 128 American deaths Ship was carrying munitions Wilson continued policy of neutrality, but encouraged preparedness Much anti-war sentiment from public Wilson’s 1916 election slogan=“He Kept Us Out of the War” Wilson won close election After re-election discussed plans for a postwar world Self-determination, league of nations War in Europe locked in stalemate Germans resorted to unrestricted submarine warfare Zimmermann Telegram Mexico urged to ally with Germans regain “lost provinces” Russian Revolution (1917) Wilson asked Congress for war on April 2, 1917 “We shall fight for the thing which we have always carried nearest our hearts—for democracy…” Congress declared war on April 6, 1917 TR made distinction between “civilized” “uncivilized” nations Based on race economic development Civilized nations should intervene in “backwards” nations Believer in strong navy Asst. Sec. of Navy author of The Naval War of 1812 U.S. had 2nd largest navy in the world by 1906 TR negotiated peace between Japan Russia in 1905 (Russo-Japanese War) Made agreement w/ Japan to keep trade open Earned him Nobel Peace Prize in 1906 Japan was quickly becoming the leading power in the Pacific Limited some trade w/ U.S. TR sent “Great White Fleet” around the world (1907-1909) Show of strength, test for fleet, chance to gain pub